俄罗斯经济发展的制度瓶颈分析

发布时间：2019-03-01 14:26

【摘要】：世界上,每个国家经济政策的中心目标是提供长期经济增长及发展的问题。对俄罗斯来说,这个问题特别严重,因为俄罗斯国民经济正在经历社会和经济关系的长期转型。在经济关系转型期会同时发生经济自由化和新制度环境的形成,而新制度的形成不仅不会解决过渡期的问题,反而会使一些新制度实施更加复杂。国家新制度的形成是为了确保市场经济有序并高效的发展,当然新经济制度的形成与国家的参与态度也是十分重要的,在二十世纪九十年代期间,因为俄罗斯经济制度瓶颈导致了俄罗斯经济增长出现了负增长。只有在充分了解俄罗斯制度的现状以及经济制度瓶颈形成的原因,才能实现和实施新制度的结构调整,从而改善俄罗斯经济制度变革的方向。制度变迁造成其发展的方向,体现在新制度的制定上。俄罗斯经济制度正在积极的准备以及进行一些战略,只有这样才能打破制度瓶颈。1992年苏联宣布解体,俄罗斯联邦成立。为了使俄罗斯经济快速提高,俄当时政府效仿西方国家引进了激进式的经济改革方式“休克疗法”,希望可以尽快完成计划经济向市场经济的完美转换,迅速跻身于西方发达国家的行列。但是,由于俄政府没有充分考虑到俄罗斯的经济状况,急于求快,最后导致俄罗斯经济不仅没有提高,却陷入了危机之中,使经济体制改革一直持续了很多年也没彻底完成。因为俄罗斯不顾本国实际情况,盲目改革,让俄罗斯付出了意想不到的惨痛代价。西方产权理论表明,想使国家产权的得以明确,必须控制国有企业的增长,实现私有化的改革。然而,俄罗斯用事实给西方产权理论以打击,不管哪种产权改革,都不是一蹴而就的,不能违背现实基础。
[Abstract]:The central goal of every national economic policy in the world is to provide long-term economic growth and development. For Russia, the problem is particularly serious because the Russian national economy is undergoing a long-term transformation of social and economic relations. In the transition period of economic relations, economic liberalization and the formation of new institutional environment will occur at the same time, and the formation of new system will not solve the problem of transitional period, but will make the implementation of some new systems more complicated. The formation of the new national system is to ensure the orderly and efficient development of the market economy. Of course, the formation of the new economic system and the attitude of the state to participate are also very important. During the 1990s, Because the bottleneck of Russian economic system led to the negative growth of Russian economic growth. Only by fully understanding the present situation of the Russian system and the causes of the bottleneck of the economic system can the structural adjustment of the new system be realized and implemented, so as to improve the direction of the reform of the Russian economic system. The direction of its development is reflected in the formulation of the new system. The Russian economic system is actively preparing and carrying out some strategies in order to break the bottleneck of the system. The collapse of the Soviet Union was announced in 1992 and the Russian Federation was established. In order to improve Russia's economy rapidly, the Russian government at that time followed the example of Western countries in introducing radical economic reform, "shock therapy," in the hope that the perfect transformation from planned economy to market economy can be completed as soon as possible. Quickly entered the ranks of western developed countries. However, because the Russian government did not fully consider the Russian economic situation, eager to speed up, eventually led to the Russian economy not only did not improve, but fell into crisis, so that the economic system reform has been sustained for many years and has not been completely completed. Because Russia ignored its actual situation, blind reform, let Russia pay an unexpected and painful price. The western theory of property rights shows that the growth of state-owned enterprises must be controlled and the reform of privatization should be realized in order to make the state-owned property right clear. However, Russia uses facts to strike at western property rights theory, no matter which kind of property right reform, is not achieved overnight, can not violate the realistic foundation.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F151.2

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