物质资本的积累对我国城乡收入差距的影响——基于资本—技能互补视角
发布时间：2019-08-11 14:32
【摘要】：20世纪90年代中后期以来,物质资本对劳动技能依赖性的增强成为我国经济转型中一个日益凸显的现象。本文基于资本—技能互补的角度揭示了物质资本对城乡收入差距影响的内在机制,并利用我国1999~2011年省际面板数据进行了实证检验。研究结果表明:(一)经济转型中我国的资本布局模式越来越表现出较强的"资本—技能互补"性,由于劳动力的技能水平在我国城乡之间存在较大的差距,物质资本通过现有的城乡技能分布格局扩大了城乡收入差距;(二)在资本—技能互补作用下,物质资本的积累带来技能型劳动的流动性增强,而非技能型劳动的流动性下降,这种技能流动差距强化了城乡之间现有的技能分布格局,进而间接扩大了城乡收入差距;(三)物质资本的积累又对个体及公共部门产生了较强的"教育激励"效应,但存在明显的城乡差距,这一差距在长期内同样强化着城乡的技能分布格局,并最终扩大城乡收入差距,主要表现在:受初始财富水平的制约,物质资本的积累对个体教育投资的激励程度存在显著的城乡差距;在物质资本积累的教育激励下,公共部门的教育投资存在城镇倾向的错位,虽然物质资本对农村基础教育的激励程度大于城镇地区,存在缩小城乡差距的潜能,但尚不足以扭转公共部门一贯的城市倾向的教育投资对城乡收入差距扩大的影响。
[Abstract]:Since the middle and late 1990s, the dependence of material capital on labor skills has become an increasingly prominent phenomenon in China's economic transformation. Based on the complementary perspective of capital and skills, this paper reveals the internal mechanism of the influence of material capital on the income gap between urban and rural areas, and makes an empirical test by using the inter-provincial panel data from 1999 to 2011 in China. The results show that: (1) in the process of economic transformation, the capital layout model of our country shows more and more "capital-skill complementarity". Because of the large gap between urban and rural areas in the skill level of labor force, the material capital expands the income gap between urban and rural areas through the existing distribution pattern of urban and rural skills; (2) under the action of capital-skill complementarity, the accumulation of material capital leads to the increase of the mobility of skilled labor, but to the decline of the mobility of non-skilled labor. This gap of skill flow strengthens the existing skill distribution pattern between urban and rural areas, and then indirectly expands the income gap between urban and rural areas; (3) the accumulation of material capital has a strong "educational incentive" effect on individuals and the public sector, but there is an obvious gap between urban and rural areas, which also strengthens the skill distribution pattern of urban and rural areas in the long run, and finally widens the income gap between urban and rural areas, which is mainly manifested in the following aspects: restricted by the initial wealth level, the accumulation of material capital has a significant urban-rural gap in the incentive degree of individual education investment; Under the educational incentive of material capital accumulation, there is a dislocation of urban tendency in education investment in the public sector. Although the incentive degree of material capital to rural basic education is greater than that in urban areas, and there is the potential to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas, it is not enough to reverse the impact of education investment in the public sector on the widening income gap between urban and rural areas.
【作者单位】： 中国农业大学经济管理学院;北京大学经济学院;重庆工商大学财政金融学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金青年项目“‘资本—技能’互补视角下驱动力转换的内生路径及政策保障体系研究”(批准号:16CJY001) 中国统计科学研究重点项目“我国的教育财政缺口及基于教育均等化的转移支付方案”(2015LZ02)的资助
【分类号】：F124.7
，
本文编号：2525348
[Abstract]:Since the middle and late 1990s, the dependence of material capital on labor skills has become an increasingly prominent phenomenon in China's economic transformation. Based on the complementary perspective of capital and skills, this paper reveals the internal mechanism of the influence of material capital on the income gap between urban and rural areas, and makes an empirical test by using the inter-provincial panel data from 1999 to 2011 in China. The results show that: (1) in the process of economic transformation, the capital layout model of our country shows more and more "capital-skill complementarity". Because of the large gap between urban and rural areas in the skill level of labor force, the material capital expands the income gap between urban and rural areas through the existing distribution pattern of urban and rural skills; (2) under the action of capital-skill complementarity, the accumulation of material capital leads to the increase of the mobility of skilled labor, but to the decline of the mobility of non-skilled labor. This gap of skill flow strengthens the existing skill distribution pattern between urban and rural areas, and then indirectly expands the income gap between urban and rural areas; (3) the accumulation of material capital has a strong "educational incentive" effect on individuals and the public sector, but there is an obvious gap between urban and rural areas, which also strengthens the skill distribution pattern of urban and rural areas in the long run, and finally widens the income gap between urban and rural areas, which is mainly manifested in the following aspects: restricted by the initial wealth level, the accumulation of material capital has a significant urban-rural gap in the incentive degree of individual education investment; Under the educational incentive of material capital accumulation, there is a dislocation of urban tendency in education investment in the public sector. Although the incentive degree of material capital to rural basic education is greater than that in urban areas, and there is the potential to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas, it is not enough to reverse the impact of education investment in the public sector on the widening income gap between urban and rural areas.
【作者单位】： 中国农业大学经济管理学院;北京大学经济学院;重庆工商大学财政金融学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金青年项目“‘资本—技能’互补视角下驱动力转换的内生路径及政策保障体系研究”(批准号:16CJY001) 中国统计科学研究重点项目“我国的教育财政缺口及基于教育均等化的转移支付方案”(2015LZ02)的资助
【分类号】：F124.7
，
本文编号：2525348
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