河北省农民工市民化研究

发布时间：2018-01-01 10:33

本文关键词：河北省农民工市民化研究　出处：《河北经贸大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国近年来城市化所取得的成就举世瞩目，与此同时，大量农民离开土生土长的家园，来到城市谋求生存和发展，这部分农民组成的团体被称为农民工，他们舍弃了一直以来依赖的土地，带着美好的憧憬来到城市，在为自己的前途打拼的同时，也为城市的发展和建设贡献力量。但是由于历史问题，我国在城乡之间长期实行的分治政策，导致城乡之间的分离治理，形成了长达几十年的，不合理的二元的社会结构，城乡之间缺乏沟通链接的渠道，使得农民工来到城市之后完全脱离了原来农村里的各项政策覆盖的范围，他们只能起到建设城市的作用，而不能以城市的主人自居，特别是由此造成的农民工受到不公平待遇现象的逐步增加，所产生的城乡结合问题加重，这样既会影响农民工的正常生活和工作，，也会造成社会阶层之间的互相不理解，产生新的社会矛盾。中国在当前处于社会主义初级阶段，正在努力的构建和谐社会，农民工的问题不解决，和谐社会就会成为一纸空谈，经济总量再大，也无法证明中国是一个民主文明的国家。为此本文就以河北省为研究对象，研究农民工市民化的问题，在提出劳动力转移的经典理论的同时，阐述了影响河北省实现农民工市民化的现实因素，对河北省的劳动力迁移现状进行描述，提出解决的建议和应对措施。第一章是本文的绪论部分，包括选题的背景和意义，文献综述和研究方法、研究框架等等。在文献综述里，介绍了对当前学界研究农民工市民化的主流成果，尽管由于国情的差异，国外没有农民工这个特定称谓，也没有关于农民工的研究，但是国外的劳动力转移理论从侧面对农民工市民化做出了分析和解释，因此相关的理论还是可以拿来借鉴，但是需要根据中国整体甚至各省市的具体情况来进行分析研讨，取其精华才能更好的部署河北省农民工市民化的步骤。第二章首先对目前流行的劳动力转移的相关理论进行了阐述，对农民工和农民工市民化的概念做出了限定，以免出现研究范围偏差的情况；其次，介绍了国内外两种比较具有代表意义的劳动力迁移理论，包括托达罗的城乡劳动力迁移理论和符钢战的层级流动模型，并结合实际对这两种理论进行分析。第三章主要是影响河北省农民工市民化的因素分析，包括经济因素分析、人力资本因素分析、心理因素分析等等。从经济方面来说，农民工作为底层人群而言收入低微，自身能力在市民化所能起到的作用微乎其微，只能借助政府主导的力量；从人力资本角度来说，农民工各方面的素质相对市民普遍较差，所能从事的职业也多属于劳动密集型行业里，从事高收入工作的知识储备明显不足，无法在职业层次上实现市民化；最后从农民工自身、城市居民、用人单位和政府四个角度，分别分析了农民工市民化过程中各方存在的心理问题。第四章介绍了当前河北省农民工市民化方面的政策法规，主要介绍了户籍政策、就业政策、农民工子女教育方面的问题等等，对历年来河北省在农民工市民化方面的工作做出总结说明，指出河北省的农民工市民化工作走在全国前列，但是也存在不少的问题，包括户籍制度涉及的利益依然比较复杂，就业方面政府参与力度依然不够，参与促进就业工作的方法有漏洞等等；另外农民工子女教育方面，政府要重视农民工子女入学问题，对城乡教育衔接问题要采取有效措施，要加强心理健康教育，避免农民工子女因为各项差异产生自卑厌学等心理问题。最后是结论部分，本文经过系统的调查和对现状的分析，通过数据的收集整理和理论研究，对河北省农民工市民化的进程做出了全面的阐述，对河北省的农民工市民化工作做出评价，并对目前的政策提出改革建议，相信河北省的农民工市民化工作必将取得更加辉煌的成就。
[Abstract]:In recent years China city of achievements have attracted worldwide attention, at the same time, a large number of farmers to leave his native home, came to the city to seek survival and development, this part farmer groups known as migrant workers, they abandoned has been dependent on the land, with good vision came to the city, for their future. At the same time, but also for the development and construction of the city's contribution. But because of the historical problem, our long-term implementation of partition between the urban and rural policy, governance leads to the separation between urban and rural areas, the formation of decades, the social structure of two yuan is not reasonable, lack of communication channels between urban and rural areas, the migrant workers came to the city completely out of the scope of the original policies in the rural areas covered, they can only play the role of the city construction, and not as the masters of the city, especially the resulting The migrant workers injustice phenomenon gradually increased, generated from the combination of urban and rural problems such as migrant workers increase, will affect the normal life and work, will cause social each other do not understand, create new social contradictions. Chinese in the current in the primary stage of socialism, working hard to build a harmonious society, migrant workers the problem is not solved, the harmonious society will become a paper talk, the total economy is again big, also cannot prove Chinese is a democratic and civilized country. This paper takes Hebei Province as the research object, research on migrant workers citizenization problem in the classical theory of labor transfer at the same time, expounds the realistic factors of Hebei to achieve citizenization of migrant workers, labor migration situation of Hebei province are described, suggestions and countermeasures.
The first chapter is the introduction, including the background and significance, literature review and research methods, research framework and so on. In the literature review, introduces the achievements of the mainstream academic research on the citizenization of migrant workers, although due to differences in national conditions, no foreign migrant workers the specific name, there is no Research on migrant workers however, the foreign labor theory of migrant workers from the side to make analysis and interpretation, so the theory can still be used for reference, but according to the specific needs of various provinces and cities to Chinese overall even on the analysis of Hebei Province, migrant workers citizenization steps to deploy its essence to better.
The related theories are described on the current popular labor transfer in the second chapter, the concept of migrant workers and migrant workers citizenization made limited, in order to avoid the research scope of the deviation; secondly, introduced two kinds of typical labor migration theory, including urban and rural labor migration theory and character Gangzhan hierarchy Todaro's flow model, and combined with the practice of the two kinds of theoretical analysis.
The third chapter mainly analyzes the influencing factors of migrant workers' Citizenization in Hebei Province, including the analysis of economic factors, analysis of human capital factors, psychological factors and so on. From the economic aspect, farmers work for people at the bottom in terms of low income, the role of very little ability can play in public, with only the government from power; the human capital perspective, all aspects of the quality of migrant workers is relatively poor people, the occupation also belongs to the labor-intensive industry, engaged in a high paying job knowledge was inadequate, unable to realize Citizenization in occupation level; finally from migrant workers, city residents, with four units and government angle analysis of the psychological problems, are all people of migrant workers in the process.
The fourth chapter introduces the current migrant workers in Hebei province public policies and regulations, mainly introduces the household registration policy, employment policy, children of migrant workers education problems and so on, over the years in Hebei province in the citizenization of migrant workers work summary, pointed out that the people of migrant workers in Hebei province at the forefront of the country, but there are also a lot of problems, including the household registration system is still relatively complex involving the interests of the government, employment participation is still not enough, in the method of employment promotion work with loopholes and so on; in addition to education for children of migrant workers, the government should pay attention to the problem of school children of migrant workers, urban and rural education should take effective measures to strengthen the mental health education of migrant workers, to avoid because of the difference of children have low self-esteem weariness and other psychological problems.
The last part is the conclusion, through systematic investigation and Analysis on the status quo, through the collection and research data of Hebei Province, people of migrant workers in the process made the comprehensive elaboration, people of migrant workers in Hebei province to make evaluation, and puts forward the suggestions on reforming the present policies, believe that migrant workers in Hebei province people will make more brilliant achievements.

【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F249.27;F299.27

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