农发行吉林省分行信贷风险防范研究

发布时间：2018-01-09 04:25

本文关键词：农发行吉林省分行信贷风险防范研究　出处：《吉林大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国农业发展银行（以下简称农发行）是1994年成立的国有政策性银行，其业务范围是根据国家的产业政策和金融政策，筹集资金，承担国家政策性支农任务，办理粮棉油储备的政策性贷款，在国家监管机构批准的业务范围内开办商业性业务，代理财政性支农资金的拨付。吉林省分行随总行同时成立，农发行成立以来，业务范围经过多次调整，业务性质也随之变化，其中主体业务“粮食收购贷款”就从政策性业务调整为商业性业务，但因粮食收购的特殊性，在粮食收购旺季，收购贷款不可避免地被罩上政策性的外衣，农发行面临巨大的社会压力，被迫发放贷款，而贷款主体因为普遍缺少抗风险能力，致使收购贷款已经成为农发行经营中的巨大风险隐患，一些历史欠账迟迟得不到化解，农发行背负沉重的因政策造成的历史包袱，一些新开办的贷款种类，虽具有明显的政策性特点，却始终按照商业性对待，农发行承担了政策性职能，但没有得到政策性的扶持。风险是银行业的特征，防控信贷也是银行业的永恒主题，农发行作为政策性银行，在履行政策支农责任的同时，同样面临经营中的风险，因此，在当前乃至今后相当长的时间内，，加强对农业政策性银行信贷风险管理问题的研究，具有非常重要的现实意义。本文通过介绍农发行产生的背景和发展过程，指出农发行作为金融体制改革的产物，主要是为承担政策性信贷支农任务而成立的金融机构，成立以来，随着国家政策的不断调整，导致农发行的信贷领域、管理规定也随之发生变化，而且作为一家法人金融机构，其设立、经营不但缺乏相应的法律依据，而且体现为各项工作任务、管理规定也缺乏稳定性和连续性，责任和义务被无限放大、而权利维护则缺少法律依据，社会角色非常尴尬。通过分析了农发行吉林省分行现状及问题，特别是针对农发行吉林省分行信贷风险历史包袱沉重、新的风险易发、多发、维权和处置资产的困难的现状，从政策制度、人员素质、客户群体以及其行业的特点，分析了信贷风险的形成原因，并在对照借鉴发达国家的政策性银行在法律保障、治理结构、资金来源、风险化解的方式渠道等方面的成熟经验的基础上，分别从职能定位、法律保障、员工素质、诚信体系建设和风险补偿措施等方面提出了防范化解信贷风险的措施和建议。
[Abstract]:China Agricultural Development Bank (hereinafter referred to as ADBC) is a state-owned policy bank established in 1994, its business scope is according to national industrial policies and financial policies, raise funds, national policy support, policy loans for grain reserves, to start commercial operations in the approval of the state regulatory agencies within the scope of business that agency financial funds allocated to agriculture. Jilin Province branch with head office was established at the same time, since the issue of the establishment of agricultural business scope, after several adjustments, the nature of the business change, the main business of "food purchase loan" from the business policy adjustment for commercial business, but because of the particularity of grain purchase, in food the acquisition of the season, the acquisition of loans inevitably appear on the policies of the coat, facing economy.in enormous social pressure, forced loans, and loan principal because of lack of wind Risk ability, result in the acquisition of loans has become the agricultural issue in the management of huge potential risks, some historical debts had yet to resolve the issue of agricultural, bear a heavy historical burden caused by policy, some new types of loans, although the policy has obvious characteristics, but always in accordance with the commercial treatment, bear farming issue the functions of policy, but did not get policy support.
The risk is characteristic of the banking sector, the banking industry is the eternal theme of prevention and control of credit, agricultural development bank as a policy bank, in carrying out the policy of supporting agriculture and responsibility at the same time, also face the risk management so that in the current and future quite a long period of time, to strengthen the research on the credit risk management to agricultural policy banks, has a very important practical significance.
This paper introduces the background of agricultural development and the development process, pointing out that the agricultural issue as a result of the reform of the financial system, is the main financial institutions set up to undertake credit policy agriculture since its establishment, with the continuous adjustment of national policies, resulting in ADBC credit field, management regulations will also change, and as a corporate financial institutions, the establishment of business, not only the lack of corresponding legal basis, but also for various tasks, the regulations are lack of stability and continuity, the responsibility and obligation to be infinitely enlarged, and safeguard the rights of the lack of legal basis, the social role is very awkward. Through the analysis of the current situation and problems of Agricultural Development Bank branch in Jilin province especially, for the Agricultural Development Bank branch in Jilin province credit risk heavy historical burden, the new risk prone, multiple status, rights and disposal of assets difficult, from the policy system Degree, the quality of personnel, customer groups and the characteristics of the industry, analyzes the cause of formation of credit risk control, and in the reference of policy banks in developed countries in legal protection, governance structure, funding sources, risk based mature experience of the way the route, from the function orientation, legal protection, employee the quality, puts forward some measures and suggestions to prevent and resolve the credit risk of the credit system construction and risk compensation measures.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.4

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