中国土地和住宅体制改革研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 01:21

本文关键词：中国土地和住宅体制改革研究　出处：《经济研究参考》2014年14期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：土地与住宅体制改革,是未来7年我国全面深化改革进程中绕不过去的一项最为复杂和艰巨的工程。本文在深入分析目前我国土地和住宅体制弊病症结、维持现状所面临的经济社会风险的基础上,提出土地和住宅体制改革的目标及应坚持的方向。改革目标具体为:一是土地资源优化地得到再配置,提高宝贵土地资源利用效率;二是实现中国城乡居民住房梦,特别是城市化过程中城镇居民的住房梦;三是坚持社会主义共同富裕道路,避免城乡居民,特别是城镇居民财富两极分化;四是建立一个稳定和现代的市县地方财政基础;五是坚持土地改革的社会主义方向,降低土地所有制形式过多所增加的交易成本,并有利于土地用途的规划管制。改革方向具体为:(1)选择土地国有化改革方向;(2)土地使用年期永续化改革;(3)土地和房屋配置坚决向市场化方式改革;(4)选择竞争和有活力的多渠道住宅供给模式。进而提出改革的框架性建议:(1)改造未利用土地,推进村庄土地整治,扩大土地供应;(2)不动产确权和统一的信息登记平台;(3)形成竞争性的土地资源市场配置方式;(4)推进地方财政收入中的土地出让金向房地税转变;(5)多种形式和渠道实现城乡居民的住房梦;(6)加强国家和政府的房地调控与管理。之后,文章还设计了房产税开征方案,分析了改革的其他风险,并就改革配套、时间表和路线图等提出建议。
[Abstract]:The reform of land and housing system is one of the most complicated and arduous projects in the next 7 years. On the basis of the economic and social risks faced by maintaining the status quo, the paper puts forward the objectives of land and housing system reform and the direction to be adhered to. The specific objectives of the reform are as follows: first, land resources are optimally reallocated. Improving the utilization efficiency of valuable land resources; The second is to realize the housing dream of Chinese urban and rural residents, especially in the process of urbanization. Third, adhere to the socialist road of common prosperity, avoid polarization of wealth between urban and rural residents, especially urban residents; Fourth, to establish a stable and modern local financial foundation of cities and counties; Fifth, we should adhere to the socialist direction of land reform and reduce the increased transaction costs caused by the excessive form of land ownership. It is beneficial to the planning and control of land use. The direction of reform is: 1) to choose the direction of land nationalization reform; (2) Sustainable land use reform; Land and housing allocation must be reformed in a market-oriented way; (4) to choose the competitive and dynamic multi-channel housing supply mode, and then put forward the frame suggestion of reform: 1) transform unused land, promote village land regulation, and expand land supply; (II) Real property rights and a unified information registration platform; (3) forming a competitive allocation mode of land resources market; (4) to promote the conversion of land transfer fee from local fiscal revenue to local housing tax; (5) realizing the housing dream of urban and rural residents in various forms and channels; After that, the paper also designs the scheme of levying real estate tax, analyzes other risks of reform, and puts forward some suggestions on reform matching, timetable and road map.
【作者单位】：中共中央党校国际战略研究所;
【分类号】：F301;F293.3
【正文快照】： 土地与住宅体制,是未来7年改革绕不过去的一项最为复杂和艰巨的工程。中央成立全面深化改革领导小组后,需要将各方面的改革设计尽快集中上来,形成行动的方案。这里所设计的土地和住宅体制方案的原则和目的是:(1)既坚持中国社会主义市场经济基本制度,将土地全部国有化,又能实现

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