XX银行焦作分行中小企业信贷业务风险管理研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 06:15

本文关键词： 中小企业信贷业务风险管理　出处：《郑州大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：信贷业务是维系银行生存和发展的重要业务,信贷业务风险已经成为商业银行面临的主要风险。2004年巴塞尔新资本协议的实行,对商业银行信贷风险管理提出了更高的要求,因此加强信贷风险管理成为维护商业银行经营安全性和盈利性的重要保障。随着经济的发展,中小企业在经济生活中所占的比重不断增加,XX银行焦作分行开始把中小企业作为信贷业务的主要对象,但是由于该行内部风险管理机制不完善,造成了银行在发展信贷业务的同时,信贷风险也不断增加,中小企业信贷风险管理一直是该行业务发展中的难题。 2009年XX银行焦作分行成立了“信贷工厂”,截止2012年末,该行中小企业信贷客户数量达到126户,共投放中小企业贷款187笔67020万元,中小企业信贷业务量呈上升趋势,但是该行抵押贷款和联贷联保业务分别发生了两笔不良贷款,这是由于该行中小企业信贷风险管理存在以下问题：首先,抵押贷款业务风险管理薄弱,一是由于银企信息不对称现象的存在,造成抵押贷款业务受理环节中,银行无法判断企业提供信息的真实性；二是没有建立适合中小企业的信用评级体系,导致银行对企业的信用评级结果不准确；三是申请抵押贷款的中小企业很难提供符合银行贷款要求的抵押物,使贷款担保方式难以落实；四是贷后管理不完善,增加了信贷业务的风险；其次,对于申请联贷联保业务的中小企业没有设立合理的准入标准、信息披露机制也不完善,银行对企业的纵向监督无法发挥作用；最后,“信贷工厂”工作人员风险意识淡薄,造成风险管理“模式化”以及信贷业务批量化营销不足等问题。信贷风险管理贯穿于银行管理的全过程,加强中小企业信贷风险管理是一项系统工程,通过对XX银行焦作分行中小企业信贷风险管理存在的问题进行深入的分析,针对这些问题,从建立中小企业信用评级体系、创新担保方式、加强联贷联保业务风险防范和人员培训、实现“信贷工厂”批量化营销以及加强贷后管理等六个方面,对该行的风险管理工作提出实用的对策。通过完善征信数据库、选取信用评级指标、优化信用评级分类和建立独立的征信系统,重点研究了中小企业信用评级体系的建立,以完善XX银行焦作分行的风险管理体系,实现对中小企业信贷业务的全面风险管理,达到提升该行中小企业信贷业务的发展水平、提高银行信贷资金安全性的目的。
[Abstract]:Credit business is an important business to maintain the survival and development of banks. The risk of credit business has become the main risk faced by commercial banks. In 2004, the implementation of the new Basel Capital Accord. The credit risk management of commercial banks has put forward higher requirements, so strengthening credit risk management has become an important guarantee to maintain the security and profitability of commercial banks. With the development of economy. The proportion of small and medium-sized enterprises in economic life continues to increase Jiaozuo Branch of XX Bank began to take small and medium-sized enterprises as the main object of credit business but because of the internal risk management mechanism of the bank is not perfect. At the same time, the credit risk of small and medium-sized enterprises is increasing, and the credit risk management of small and medium-sized enterprises has been a difficult problem in the development of the bank's business. In 2009, XX Bank Jiaozuo Branch set up a "credit factory", as of end of 2012, the number of SME credit customers reached 126. A total of 187 SME loans of 670.2 million yuan, SME credit volume showed an upward trend, but the bank mortgage loans and the United loan UNPROFOR business occurred two non-performing loans. This is due to the bank SMEs credit risk management has the following problems: first, mortgage business risk management is weak, first, because of the existence of information asymmetry phenomenon, resulting in mortgage business acceptance link. Banks cannot judge the authenticity of the information provided by enterprises; The second is the failure to establish a credit rating system suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises, which leads to inaccurate credit rating results of banks to enterprises; Third, it is very difficult for small and medium-sized enterprises applying for mortgage loans to provide collateral that meets the requirements of bank loans, which makes it difficult to implement loan guarantee methods; The fourth is the imperfect management after the loan, which increases the risk of the credit business; Secondly, for the small and medium-sized enterprises applying for joint loan, there is no reasonable admission standard, the information disclosure mechanism is not perfect, and the vertical supervision of the banks to the enterprises can not play a role; Finally, the staff of "credit factory" are weak in risk consciousness, resulting in risk management "pattern" and insufficient marketing of credit business. Credit risk management runs through the whole process of bank management. It is a systematic project to strengthen the credit risk management of small and medium-sized enterprises. Through the in-depth analysis of the problems existing in the credit risk management of small and medium-sized enterprises in Jiaozuo Branch of XX Bank, aiming at these problems, the credit rating system of small and medium-sized enterprises is established and the guarantee method is innovated. Strengthening the risk prevention and personnel training, realizing the "credit factory" mass marketing and strengthening the post-loan management of six aspects. Through perfecting the credit database, selecting the credit rating index, optimizing the classification of the credit rating and establishing an independent credit system, the paper puts forward some practical countermeasures for the risk management of the bank. In order to perfect the risk management system of Jiaozuo Branch of XX Bank and realize the overall risk management of the SME credit business, the establishment of the credit rating system of the small and medium-sized enterprises is studied emphatically. To improve the bank's small and medium-sized credit business development level, improve the security of bank credit funds.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.4

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