银行小额信贷监管法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-02-23 01:04

本文关键词： 小额信贷监管法律制度　出处：《重庆大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来，商业银行在信贷市场中的业务经营出现许多问题，首先是竞争压力增加，不仅有来自国内的压力，更有外资银行对市场份额的冲击，其次是流动性过剩使得银行必须控制贷款总量，而同时中小企业和中低收入人群贷款难的问题却仍然没有解决。此时，小额信贷就成为了各家商业银行扩宽信贷市场，寻找新的利润增长点的突破口，该业务不断壮大。但是，，目前我国银行小额信贷业务的法律监管，在对银行业务经营活动的监管方面，银行贷前对信贷相对人的调查过程，贷中对相对人的个人信用征信查询，或者在贷后对借款人违约责任的追究等各个方面都还不够健全；商业银行内部监管方面的法律制度设计也存在一些不足，因此，研究商业银行小额信贷业务监管法律制度具有重大意义。本文针对银行经营小额信贷业务的特征，从理论和现实的角度探讨加强对小额信贷业务进行法律监管的意义，总结了我国银行小额信贷监管法律制度的现状和问题，并在此基础上提出制度完善的对策。本文正文为以下七个部分：第一部分是绪论，对本文的研究内容和相关研究现状做出概述，介绍本文的研究目的、研究方法、主要创新与不足等。第二部分银行小额信贷监管法律制度一般解读。在这一部分首先对银行小额信贷的相关概念进行界定，分析银行小额信贷及其监管活动的特点，在此基础上提出了银行小额信贷监管法律制度的概念以及其中的法律关系。第三部分是银行小额信贷监管法律制度的理论和实践基础，理论基础部分主要从经济学和经济法学的角度作出分析，实践基础部分主要从银行经营的特点和小额信贷自身的特点来提出监管制度的必要性。第四部分是国内外银行小额信贷监管法律制度比较分析，以及国外的经验对我国的启示。本章分析了不同国家的小额信贷的监管模式及其相应制度，比较了几个典型国家监管制度的特征，归纳了小额信贷已较为成熟的国家其监管法律制度的共性，在此基础上提出了我国应当从中得到的启示。第五部分是我国银行小额信贷监管法律制度的现状和问题。这一部分首先总述我国当前相关监管制度，然后根据相关制度约束对象的不同对重点的法律法规进行阐释。与此同时，从现行监管法律制度主要缺乏的责任制度、约束制度、保障制度等几个方面来归纳了所存在的问题。第六部分以中国邮政储蓄银行的小额信贷为例，分析了完善银行小额信贷监管法律制度的策略，以具体的贷款流程为基础，细化了相关制度的监管内容，站在保障小额信贷可持续发展的高度，提出了对相关约束制度、限制制度和保护制度的完善建议。同时，提出了监管辅助制度完善的问题，包括征信系统建设、利率定价机制和责任追究制度的完善。第七部分作为本文的结语，对前文所述进行了总结。
[Abstract]:In recent years, there have been many problems in the business operation of commercial banks in the credit market. First of all, the competitive pressure has increased, not only from domestic pressure, but also from the impact of foreign banks on market share. Secondly, the excess liquidity makes banks have to control the total amount of loans, while the problems of SMEs and low- and middle-income people still have not been solved. At this time, microfinance has become a widening credit market for commercial banks. Looking for new profit growth point of breakthrough, the business continues to grow. However, at present, the legal supervision of the banking microfinance business in our country, in terms of the supervision of the banking business activities, the investigation process of the credit counterpart before the bank loan, and the inquiry of the personal credit information of the relative party in the loan, Or the investigation of the borrower's liability for breach of contract after the loan is not perfect enough; the design of the legal system for the internal supervision of commercial banks also has some shortcomings, so, It is of great significance to study the legal system of micro-credit supervision in commercial banks. According to the characteristics of the micro-credit business of banks, this paper discusses the significance of strengthening the legal supervision of micro-credit business from the angle of theory and reality, and summarizes the present situation and problems of the legal system of micro-credit supervision in our country. On the basis of this, the author puts forward some countermeasures to perfect the system. The text of this paper is composed of seven parts as follows:. The first part is the introduction, which summarizes the research content and related research status, introduces the research purpose, research methods, main innovation and deficiency. The second part is the general interpretation of the legal system of bank microfinance supervision. In this part, firstly, we define the related concepts of bank microfinance, and analyze the characteristics of bank microfinance and its regulatory activities. On this basis, the author puts forward the concept of the legal system of bank microfinance supervision and its legal relationship. The third part is the theoretical and practical basis of the legal system of bank microfinance supervision, the theoretical basis of which is mainly from the perspective of economics and economic law. In the part of practice foundation, the author puts forward the necessity of supervision system from the characteristics of bank management and microfinance itself. The 4th part is the comparative analysis of the domestic and foreign bank microfinance supervision legal system, as well as the enlightenment of foreign experience to our country. This chapter analyzes the supervision mode and corresponding system of microfinance in different countries. This paper compares the characteristics of several typical countries' supervision systems, sums up the commonness of their regulatory legal systems in mature countries, and puts forward the enlightenment that our country should get from them. The 5th part is the current situation and problems of the legal system of the supervision of bank microfinance in China. At the same time, it summarizes the existing problems from several aspects, such as responsibility system, restraint system, security system and so on. In the 6th part, taking the micro-credit of China Post savings Bank as an example, the author analyzes the strategies of perfecting the legal system of bank micro-credit supervision, and based on the concrete loan process, details the supervision content of the relevant system. From the perspective of ensuring the sustainable development of microfinance, this paper puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect the relevant restraint system, the restriction system and the protection system. At the same time, it puts forward the problems of the perfection of the supplementary supervision system, including the construction of the credit information system. The perfection of interest rate pricing mechanism and accountability system. Part 7th, as the conclusion of this paper, summarizes the above mentioned.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.281;D922.282

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