我国农村小额信贷政策研究

发布时间：2018-03-18 21:34

本文选题：小额信贷　切入点：可持续发展　出处：《中南林业科技大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：小额信贷是国际上比较流行的一种扶贫到户的有效方式,它是通过特定的小额信贷机构为具有一定潜在负债能力的贫困者提供服务以帮助他们摆脱贫困的特殊信贷方式。小额信贷开始于20世纪70年代,经过20多年的实践,小额信贷几乎已经覆盖了整个发展中国家和不少发达国家。 1999年,中国人民银行开始在全国农村信用社普遍推广农村小额信贷业务,并取得了一定的成就。实践表明,农村小额信贷既是一种有效的扶贫工具,可以帮助贫困农户发展生产,摆脱贫困,同时,也是一种新型的农村金融组织形式,能够缓解农村金融供求紧张状况,促进“三农”发展和农村金融体制改革。但存在着诸多问题,如贷款制度设计上的缺陷、利率偏低、缺少持续的监督和管理、小额信贷机构资金不足、风险大、管理难、服务滞后等问题。这些问题能否得到妥善的解决,直接关系到小额信贷机构的生存和发展,农户增收的扶持资金能否得到保障,从而关系到这一事业能否健康地发展。本文探讨了农信社小额信贷可持续发展的约束条件,指出小额信贷的本质该是商业贷款,分析了小额信贷可持续发展的路径,认为市场导向型小额信贷能够实现可持续发展,最后科学地分析了政府在小额信贷中的地位。希望通过对小额信贷可持续发展问题的研究,对中国农村信用社的发展和“三农”问题的解决进行初步的探讨。
[Abstract]:Microcredit is an effective way of helping the poor in the world. It is a special form of credit that provides services to poor people with potential debt through specific microfinance institutions to help them out of poverty. Microcredit began in 1970s and has been practiced for more than 20 years. Microcredit has almost covered the entire developing and many developed countries. In 1999, the people's Bank of China began to popularize the rural micro-credit business in rural credit cooperatives of the whole country, and made some achievements. The practice shows that rural micro-credit is an effective tool for poverty alleviation. It can help poor farmers to develop production and get rid of poverty. At the same time, it is also a new form of rural financial organization, which can alleviate the tension between rural financial supply and demand. Promoting the development of "agriculture, countryside and farmers" and the reform of the rural financial system. However, there are many problems, such as the defects in the design of the loan system, the low interest rates, the lack of continuous supervision and management, the shortage of funds in microcredit institutions, the high risk and the difficulty in management. Whether these problems can be solved properly is directly related to the survival and development of micro-credit institutions, whether the support funds of farmers' income can be guaranteed, and whether the enterprise can develop healthily. This paper discusses the constraints of the sustainable development of micro-credit in rural credit cooperatives, points out that the essence of micro-credit should be commercial loans, analyzes the path of sustainable development of micro-credit, and holds that market-oriented microcredit can achieve sustainable development. Finally, the author scientifically analyzes the position of the government in the microfinance industry. It is hoped that through the study of the sustainable development of microfinance, the development of China's rural credit cooperatives and the solution of the "three rural" problems will be preliminarily discussed.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.43

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