X公司白炭黑项目贷款风险控制研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 11:22

本文选题：信贷风险　切入点：不良资产　出处：《吉林大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：商业银行是现代金融体系的主体。在社会经济生活中，商业银行通过资金融通和结算便利实现了全社会绝大部分资金的周转流动，并发挥着创造价值的功能。正因为商业银行在整个金融体系中的重要地位，其稳定性会直接影响到整个金融体系乃至整个市场经济的稳定和发展。特别是在中国，长期形成的以商业银行信贷业务为主融资在社会融资结构中居于主导地位的模式，决定了商业银行的信贷风险是我国现阶段金融体系中的最主要的风险。因此，研究商业银行的信贷风险，可以从根源和本质上全面把握商业银行的风险特征和表现。风险管理是商业银行保持流动性、安全性和效益型的前提，是商业银行经营发展的主题之一。在日益融合的国际国内经济和金融环境下，能否实施有效的风险管理是衡量商业银行核心竞争力的重要尺度。信贷风险管理是商业银行在经营过程中面临的主要问题之一，因此为了提高商业银行的核心竞争能力，加强对信贷风险的管理对于商业银行来说具有非常重要的意义。虽然近年来我国银行业的利润来源渠道多样化，但信贷资产仍旧是我国商业银行经营的主要资产和主要收入来源。商业银行信贷资产的好坏、风险的高低不仅直接关系着自身盈利水平的高低，而且关系到整个社会的安定和国民经济平稳的运行。虽然近几年国家加大了企业债、公司债、私募债等资本市场直接融资的手段，但是我国目前的资本市场现状下，间接融资仍然是企业融资的主流，我国银行贷款占GDP的比重超过110%，高于世界平均水平，证券市场经过近几年的快速发展，据2010年的流通市值数据已占到GDP的48.52%，达到了大多数发展国家的数值40%-50%的水平，与发达国家的证券市场还有较大的差距，说明我国企业直接融资的途径还不是较顺畅，难以满足众多中小企业对融资需求的满足。至少目前，我国企业的资金需求仍更多的依赖于商业银行渠道，这使得企业的经营风险更多的集中到银行体系中，一旦企业经营出现问题或出现其他原因而倒闭，风险势必会转嫁到银行，形成银行的不良资产。据银监会公布2012年年末，商业银行不良贷款余额达4929亿元，不良贷款率为0.95%。其中，大型商业银行不良贷款率为0.99%;股份制商业银行不良贷款率为0.72%;城市商业银行不良贷款率为0.81%;农村商业银行不良贷款率为1.76%;外资银行不良贷款率为0.52%，体现了我国商业银行良好的信贷风险控制机制。本文的目的是以X公司的高分散性白炭黑项目贷款为视角，探讨在商业银行的角度，，在如何更好的支持企业发展，规避信贷风险，加强信贷风险管理手段。首先从X公司白炭黑项目的现状分析着手，认为信贷风险是多维度的，再根据各种条件分析项目贷款的风险来源，最后根据各类信用风险提出贷款的风险控制措施。总的看来，我国商业银行在较短的时间内信贷风险管理水平迅速提升，并不断缩小了国际先进银行的差距。
[Abstract]:The commercial bank is the main body of the modern financial system. In the social and economic life, commercial banks have achieved a turnover of the whole society most of the funds through financing and settlement facilities, and play the function that creates value. Because of the commercial bank important position in the entire financial system, its stability will directly affect the stability and the development of the entire financial system and even the whole market economy. Especially in the China, the formation of long-term credit business of commercial bank financing mainly in the leading position in the social financing structure model, determines the commercial bank's credit risk is the main risk of the present stage of our country's financial system. Therefore, the study of commercial bank credit the risk from the roots and essence of a comprehensive grasp of risk characteristics and performance of commercial banks.
The risk management of commercial banks to maintain liquidity, safety and efficiency of the premise, is one of the themes of the development of commercial banks. In the increasing integration of domestic and international economic and financial environment, whether the implementation of effective risk management is to measure the scale of the core competitiveness of commercial banks. Credit risk management is one of the main problems of commercial banks face in the management process, in order to improve the core competitive ability of commercial banks, strengthen the credit risk management has very important significance for commercial banks.
Although China's banking industry in recent years, the profit of diverse sources of credit assets, but is still the main assets of commercial banks in China and the main source of income. The credit assets of commercial banks is not only the level of risk is directly related to the level of their own profit level, and relates to the social stability and the national economy steady run.
Although in recent years the state has increased corporate bonds, corporate bonds, private debt and other capital market direct financing means, but the current status of our capital market, indirect financing is still the mainstream of enterprise financing in our country, bank loans accounted for over 110% of GDP, higher than the world average, the securities market has been rapid development in recent years, according to market capitalization data in 2010 has accounted for 48.52% of GDP, reached the most developed countries value 40%-50% level, and the securities markets of developed countries there is a large gap, ways of direct financing of enterprises in our country is not smooth, it is difficult to meet the large number of small and medium enterprises to meet the financing needs.
At present, our country enterprise demand for funds is still more dependent on the channel of commercial banks, the business risk is more concentrated in the banking system, once the business problems or other reasons and the collapse risk is bound to be passed on to the bank, the formation of bank non-performing assets. According to the CBRC announced at the end of 2012, the balance of non-performing loans of commercial banks amounted to 492 billion 900 million yuan, the NPL ratio was 0.95%. among them, large commercial banks non-performing loans rate of 0.99%; joint-stock commercial banks non-performing loan rate of 0.72%; city commercial banks non-performing loan rate of 0.81%; rural commercial banks non-performing loan rate of 1.76%; foreign bank non-performing loan rate of 0.52%, reflecting the the credit risk control mechanism of commercial banks in China is good.
The purpose of this paper is based on X's high dispersible silica project loan from the perspective of study in the perspective of commercial banks, how to better support the development in the enterprise, avoid credit risk, strengthen the means of credit risk management. Starting from the present situation of X company of white carbon black project analysis, that the credit risk is multidimensional, and according to the analysis of various conditions of the project loan risk sources, according to the risk control measures of credit risk of a loan. In general, the level of credit in a relatively short period of time to risk management of commercial banks in China increased rapidly, and shrinking international advanced banks.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.4;F275

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