慈善募捐信托制度研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 10:46

本文选题：慈善募捐　切入点：募捐纠纷　出处：《西南政法大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：慈善募捐作为针对特定对象而进行的爱心救助行为,以其灵活高效的特点成为我国民间主要的自救形式,它极大加快慈善事业的发展,有力补充着我国社会保障体系。虽然《公益事业捐赠法》将公益捐赠纳入法律规范调整范围内,但在我国慈善立法落后的大环境下,不仅没有一部法律使用“慈善”一词,更无相关法律调整针对特定对象的慈善捐赠行为,以至我国民间大量的草根慈善游离于法外,造成慈善募捐目前的混乱局面。本文以慈善募捐的基本概念入手,通过评析理论界对慈善募捐法律性质的几种不同观点,加强对行为本身的认识。随后结合我国慈善募捐的现实环境,对当前我国慈善募捐纠纷所揭示的问题进行梳理,概括其所面临的主要法律困境。最后本文以实用主义为原则,试图将信托制度引入慈善募捐活动之中。信托制度基本原理是本文探讨建立慈善募捐信托制度的理论基础,巧妙运用私益信托关系的相关理论界定慈善募捐三方当事人的权利义务以规范慈善募捐行为,并且提出借鉴公益信托近似原则处理最易引发募捐纠纷的募捐余款归属问题。基于慈善募捐行为承载着人性光辉以及扶危济困的价值取向,因此本文建议设立慈善募捐监察人加强监督,更好的规范慈善募捐行为。
[Abstract]:Charity fundraising, as a kind of charity for specific objects, with its flexible and efficient characteristics, has become the main form of self-help among the people in our country. It greatly speeds up the development of philanthropy. We are able to supplement the social security system of our country. Although the Law on donations for Public Welfare brings public donations into the scope of adjustment of legal norms, under the background of backward charitable legislation in our country, not only is there not a single law that uses the word "charity", Moreover, there is no relevant law to adjust the behavior of charitable donation for specific objects, and even a large number of grassroots charities in our country are free from the law, resulting in the present chaotic situation of charity fundraising. This article begins with the basic concept of charity collection, through the analysis of several different views of the legal nature of charity collection in the theoretical circle, strengthens the understanding of the behavior itself, and then combines with the realistic environment of charity collection in China. This paper combs the problems revealed by the current charitable fundraising disputes in China, and summarizes the main legal difficulties it faces. Finally, this paper takes pragmatism as the principle. This paper attempts to introduce the trust system into the charitable fund-raising activities. The basic principle of the trust system is the theoretical basis of this paper to discuss the establishment of the charitable fund-raising trust system. Skillfully using the relevant theory of the private trust relationship to define the rights and obligations of the three parties involved in charitable fund-raising in order to regulate the charitable fund-raising behavior. And put forward to use the similar principle of public trust to deal with the problem of the ownership of the collection surplus, which is the most likely to cause the collection dispute. Based on the value orientation of charity fundraising, it bears the glory of human nature and helps the people in need. Therefore, this paper suggests the establishment of charity fundraising supervisor to strengthen supervision and better regulate charitable fund-raising behavior.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.282

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