我国环境保护投资运行效率评价研究

发布时间：2018-03-31 10:57

本文选题：环境保护投资　切入点：运行效率　出处：《重庆大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 我国环境保护投资表现出总量不足与效率低下、结构不合理的双重困境,伴随着经济的快速增长,我国环境保护投资面临的困境将会更显突出。毫无疑问,环境保护投资数量的增长是必需的,但是仅仅依靠数量的扩张,而忽视环境保护投资的运行效率,反过来会加大环境的压力,而且由于我国处在现代化的高速发展期,经济社会各个方面对资金的需求量都非常大,资金的集约使用也是必须的,因此,对于环境保护资金投入运行效率的研究就非常重要。通过对我国环境保护投资现状的研究,发现:从环境保护投资总量来看,1991—2005年,环境保护投资额呈稳定上升趋势,而环境保护投资占GNP的比例呈曲线上升趋势。但是与部分发达国家相比,其占GNP的比重仍然偏小;从环境保护投资的结构来看,“三同时”资金占总投资的比例变化不大,老企业污染治理投资总量变化不大,占总投资的比例下降趋势明显。而城市基础设施中的环境保护投资无论是从投资总量还是从其所占总投资的比例来看,都有明显的增加,并且增加幅度较大;从环境保护投资的来源来看,主要有:建设项目“三同时”环境保护投资、排污收费投资、更新改造资金投资、城市建设环境保护投资等。通过对我国环境保护投资运行效率评价的实证研究,认为:我国环境保护投资运行效率低下。我国的实际情况和“环境保护投资优先增长模型”的理论结果是不相符的。增长速度几乎是GNP增长速度1.5倍的环境保护投资并没有控制我国污染物的排放量,从总体上看,我国的污染物排放量呈逐年上升趋势,且上升幅度幅度较大。造成这种结果的原因,主要就是我国环境保护投资的运行效率低下。虽然每年我国的环境保护投资是不断增加的,但是由于种种原因,使相对于其自身的高速增长,环境保护投资所取得的治污效果是相当差的。基于以上的分析,设计了我国环境保护投资运行效率提升的公共政策,主要有:监管政策、财政政策、产业政策、价格与税收政策、技术政策、投资政策、法律政策等。
[Abstract]:The environmental protection investment in our country shows the double predicament of insufficient amount and low efficiency and unreasonable structure. With the rapid growth of economy, the predicament that our country environmental protection investment will face will be more prominent. There is no doubt that the plight of environmental protection investment in our country will be more prominent. It is necessary to increase the amount of environmental protection investment, but only depend on the expansion of quantity, but ignore the efficiency of environmental protection investment, which in turn will increase the pressure of the environment, and because our country is in the period of rapid development of modernization. The demand for funds in all aspects of the economy and society is very large, and the intensive use of funds is also necessary. Therefore, it is very important to study the operational efficiency of environmental protection funds. By studying the present situation of environmental protection investment in China, it is found that from the total investment amount of environmental protection, the investment amount of environmental protection increased steadily from 1991 to 2005. However, compared with some developed countries, the proportion of environmental protection investment in GNP is still on the low side. From the perspective of the structure of environmental protection investment, the proportion of "three simultaneous" funds to total investment does not change much. The total amount of the old enterprises' investment in pollution control has not changed much, and the proportion of the total investment in urban infrastructure has declined obviously. However, the investment in environmental protection in urban infrastructure has increased significantly both in terms of the total amount of investment and the proportion of the total investment in urban infrastructure. From the source of environmental protection investment, there are three simultaneously environmental protection investment, sewage charge investment, renovation capital investment, urban construction environment protection investment and so on. Through the empirical study on the efficiency evaluation of environmental protection investment in China, It is concluded that the operating efficiency of environmental protection investment in China is low. The actual situation in China is inconsistent with the theoretical results of the "priority growth Model of Environmental Protection Investment". The growth rate is almost 1.5 times the growth rate of GNP. The investment did not control the emissions of pollutants in China. On the whole, the emission of pollutants in our country is on the rise year by year, and by a relatively large margin. This is mainly due to the inefficient operation of environmental protection investment in China. Although the investment in environmental protection in China is constantly increasing every year, due to various reasons, it has increased at a high speed relative to itself. The effect of environmental protection investment on pollution control is rather poor. Based on the above analysis, this paper designs the public policies of improving the efficiency of environmental protection investment in China, including: supervision policy, fiscal policy, industrial policy, price and tax policy, technology policy, investment policy, legal policy and so on.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：F205;X321

【引证文献】