杨凌现代农业示范园区小额信贷服务研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 11:28

本文选题：小额信贷 + 现代农业示范园区　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国经济的持续快速发展有赖于农村劳动力和资金的大力支持，但是随之而来的是城乡收入差距的急剧扩大，城镇居民和农村居民的可支配收入之比已经超过3倍，高于国际最高水平。而我国农村人口众多，城乡贫富差距的增大必然引发诸多的社会问题，因此国家对“三农”益发重视，不断出台中央一号文件指导农村经济发展，促进农民增收。经济的发展离不开金融的支持，而农村地区一直存在着严重的金融抑制，由此制约着农村、农民和农业的可持续发展，故如何对农村金融进行创新以解决资金难题是关键所在。小额信贷自兴起发展至今，在一些国家和地区取得了巨大的成功，大量的研究也证明小额信贷具有促进农村经济发展，实现扶贫目标的功能。我国小额信贷自引入发展至今，取得了一定的成效，但是也存在着不少问题。杨凌位于陕西关中—天水经济区中心区位，作为国家唯一的农业高新技术产业示范区，从成立伊始就承担着国家赋予的特殊使命和任务。依托西北农林科技大学的技术支持，按照“高产、优质、高效、生态、安全”的要求，于2008年规划建设了面积为100平方公里的杨凌现代农业示范园区，欲形成农业产业的规模化生产，蔬菜大棚和林木果园的建设。而这些都需要农户具备一定的投资作基础，这一问题的顺利解决则在于对本区域农户的信贷支持以及投融资政策导向能否有效发挥作用。因此，本文选取杨凌现代农业示范园区的小额信贷业务作为研究对象，首先对小额信贷的相关理论进行了概述。农村经济的发展受制于其自身的内在缺陷和严重的金融抑制，文章从农村金融理论的演变历程入手，依次探讨分析农业信贷补贴理论、农村金融市场理论和不完全竞争市场理论，进而剖析在这些理论的指导下，农村金融实践得到的经验和教训，指出小额信贷的发展具有一定的理论基础。与此同时对国际上较为成熟成功的小额信贷模式的运作和绩效评价体系进行阐释，以期为小额信贷的发展提供支持。基于小额信贷在国际上取得的成功，我国也引入了这一金融创新项目，，但其在国内的发展和实践具有一定的复杂性。第三章结合杨凌现代农业示范园区的特点，从需求层面对园区的农户小额信贷状况和实施成效进行了描述性分析。第四章从小额信贷的发展状况、供给的必要性和供给效率等方面对小额信贷的供给状况进行评析，较为全面的剖析了小额信贷存在的必然性及其面临的优势、劣势、机遇和挑战等。第五章从小额信贷对园区农户收入的贡献程度和影响力角度对小额信贷的实施成效进行了相关计量分析。第六章则根据本文的研究结论分别从小额信贷的供给和需求层面提出了相应的政策建议，力求为改善现代农业示范园区的融资环境提供较为全面的参考。
[Abstract]:The sustained and rapid economic development of our country depends on the vigorous support of rural labor force and capital, but the income gap between urban and rural areas expands rapidly, and the ratio of disposable income between urban and rural residents has more than three times.Above the highest level in the world.But our country has a large rural population, the increase of the gap between urban and rural wealth will inevitably lead to many social problems, so the country pays more attention to the "three rural areas", constantly issued the first document of the Central Committee to guide the rural economic development, and promote the increase of farmers' income.The development of economy can not be separated from the support of finance, but there has been serious financial suppression in rural areas, which restricts the sustainable development of rural areas, farmers and agriculture. Therefore, how to innovate rural finance to solve the problem of capital is the key.Since its rise and development, microfinance has achieved great success in some countries and regions. A large number of studies have also proved that microfinance has the function of promoting the development of rural economy and achieving the goal of poverty alleviation.Since the introduction and development of microfinance in China, some achievements have been made, but there are still many problems.Yang Ling is located at the center of Guanzhong-Tianshui Economic Zone in Shaanxi Province. As the only demonstration area of agricultural high and new technology industry, Yang Ling has assumed the special mission and task entrusted by the state from the beginning of its establishment.To form the agricultural industry scale production, vegetable shed and forest orchard construction.All of these require farmers to have a certain investment as the basis, the smooth solution of this problem lies in the credit support of farmers in the region and whether the investment and financing policy guidance can play an effective role.Therefore, this article selects Yang Ling modern agriculture demonstration park microfinance business as the research object, first has carried on the summary to the microfinance correlation theory.The development of rural economy is subject to its inherent defects and serious financial repression. This paper begins with the evolution of rural financial theory and analyzes the theory of agricultural credit subsidy in turn.The theory of rural financial market and the theory of imperfect competition market are analyzed. Under the guidance of these theories, the experiences and lessons of rural financial practice are analyzed, and it is pointed out that the development of micro-credit has certain theoretical foundation.At the same time, it explains the operation and performance evaluation system of the mature and successful microcredit model in the world, in order to provide support for the development of microfinance.Based on the success of microfinance in the world, China has also introduced this financial innovation project, but its development and practice in China has some complexity.In the third chapter, according to the characteristics of Yang Ling modern agricultural demonstration park, the paper analyzes the farmers' micro-credit situation and the implementation effect from the demand level.Chapter four analyzes the supply of microfinance from the aspects of the development of microfinance, the necessity of supply and the efficiency of supply, and analyzes the inevitability of the existence of microfinance and its advantages and disadvantages.Opportunities and challenges, etc.The fifth chapter analyzes the effect of micro-credit from the angle of contribution and influence of micro-credit to farmers' income.The sixth chapter puts forward the corresponding policy suggestions from the supply and demand level of micro-credit according to the conclusion of this paper, and tries to provide a more comprehensive reference for improving the financing environment of the modern agricultural demonstration park.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.4;F324

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