票据失票案件实务问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 17:32

本文选题：失票 + 失票案件　；参考：《华东政法大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：票据作为一种具有汇兑功能、支付功能、信用功能和融资功能的金融工具的出现，完全符合商品经济发展的总趋势。作为为大众所接受的金融工具，票据在如今的金融生活中已经成为不可或缺的重要部分。但是，由于我国现阶段经济条件的限制，银行票据电子化无法在全国范围内完全实施，故而票据流通过程中还是以纸质票据为主。而纸质票据在票据流通过程中由于被盗、被抢，或者票据丢失，票据毁损等失票情况时有发生。票据法作为商法中极为重要的部门法，是维持商事良好运作的重要法律支柱之一。票据法的制定目的，是为了规范各种票据行为，保证票据顺利流通。失票情况的发生，导致票据流转中各方当事人的权利义务发生变化，同时也可能使票据流转过程发生停顿。各国票据法均规定了失票救济制度。但是，笔者在实践中接触大量票据失票案件后发现，失票救济制度并不能很好的保障票据权利人的票据权利或者票据法上的非票据权利；相反，由于失票案件涉及的当事人通常为多重身份，且票据法律原则规定模糊不清，不同法律规定之间相互矛盾，导致此类失票案件的处理逐渐成为司法实践中票据纠纷的难点。笔者在查阅相关资料后发现，专门针对失票案件的司法实践研究并不多，而在现实中，此类案件恰恰是法院审理案件中的高难案件，其判决结果往往最具争议。故此，笔者选择从失票这个特殊角度入手，通过查阅全国范围内各级法院审理的大量相关案件的审理内容和判决结果，，从司法实践的角度，在比较法的基础上，总结了有代表性的失票案例，并通过对失票案例的争议焦点进行详细分析比对，发现造成我国《票据法》以及相关票据法律规范体系下此类失票案件判决结果不一的原因，并对各个原因进行深层次的理论挖掘。经过研究发现，失票案件在司法实务中无论是从审理内容、判决理由还是结果均乱象纷呈的主要原因是由于其一：在我国票据法上，关于票据无因性原则并不明确；其二：票据转让方式的类型以及产生的效力并不确定；其三：失票各方当事人的举证责任规定不明确。本文在根据所述原因进行针对性的理论分析基础上，对于我国票据立法的不完善，提出切实可行的修改建议，以推动我国票据法改革。本文由四部分构成。第一章为绪论，简单叙述票据失票案件研究的缘起、意义，研究对象和范围，以及研究思路和研究特色。第二章从精选的五个票据失票案件典型案例入手，通过比较分析，说明票据失票案件在司法实践中审理内容、判决理由、和判决结果混乱不堪的原因以及由此原因造成的司法实践影响。第三章从理论上对于导致票据失票案件实务操作中裁判混乱的原因进行比较，分析，研究，指出立法完善的方向。第四章结合我国目前的实际情况，通过对失票案件的研究，对如何完善票据立法，提出切实可行的合理化建议。
[Abstract]:As a financial instrument with exchange function , payment function , credit function and financing function , the paper is fully in line with the general trend of commodity economy development . As a financial instrument accepted by the public , the paper is an indispensable part in the financial life nowadays . However , because of the limitation of the current economic conditions in China , the electronic bill of the bank cannot be fully implemented in the whole country .

As a very important department law in commercial law , the negotiable instrument law is one of the important legal pillars to maintain the good operation of the business . The purpose of the bill is to regulate various kinds of negotiable instruments and guarantee the smooth circulation of the negotiable instruments .
On the contrary , because the parties involved in the case of missing tickets are usually multiple identities , and the legal principles of negotiable instruments are vague and different legal provisions are contradictory , the handling of such non - ticket cases has gradually become a difficult point in judicial practice .

From the point of view of judicial practice , the author summarizes the typical case of missing tickets from the point of view of judicial practice , and makes a detailed analysis of the dispute focus of the case of missing tickets .

It is found that in the practice of judicial practice , the main reason why the case of missing tickets is in judicial practice , whether from the trial content , the judgment reason or the result , is due to the fact that , in our country ' s negotiable instruments law , the principle of non - compliance of the bill is not clear ;
Second , the type of bill transfer and its effectiveness are uncertain ;
Thirdly , it is not clear that the burden of proof of the parties concerned is not clear . On the basis of the theoretical analysis of the reasons , this paper puts forward practical suggestions to amend the bill legislation of our country to promote the reform of China ' s ticket law .

This paper consists of four parts .

The first chapter is the introduction , briefly describes the origin , significance , research object and scope of the case study of ticket loss , as well as the research thinking and research characteristics .

The second chapter starts with the typical case of five cases of missing tickets , and compares the reasons of the case of ticket failure in judicial practice , the reasons for the judgment and the confusion of the result of judgment and the effect of judicial practice caused by the causes .

The third chapter compares , analyzes and studies the causes of the confusion in the practical operation of the ticket - losing case , and points out the direction of the perfection of the legislation .

In the fourth chapter , according to the current situation in our country , through the study of the case of missing tickets , how to perfect the bill legislation and put forward feasible rationalization proposals .

【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.287

【参考文献】