后金融危机背景下我国中小企业信贷融资问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 20:44

本文选题：中小企业 + 信贷融资　；参考：《山东大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：中小企业在扩大就业、提高效率、加快创新、促进经济增长等方面发挥着不可或缺的重要作用。2008年金融危机以来,我国中小企业不但在生产经营上出现需求减弱、成本增加、利润率下滑等巨大冲击,还普遍承受着信贷配给环境下更加严峻的融资难题。本文从实证角度深入分析后金融危机背景下国内中小企业信贷融资面临的新情况、新问题,采取定性分析与定量分析相结合的方法,客观剖析中小企业信贷融资困难的深层原因,并借鉴国外先进经验,提出从政府、银行、企业等不同层面解决中小企业信贷融资难题的具体措施。在文献综述部分,本文简要介绍了我国中小企业信贷融资及其分类,从企业、银行、政府三个角度阐述了企业融资理论、信贷配给理论和金融抑制理论的基本内涵及演变过程,并简要分析回顾了我国理论界关于中小企业信贷融资难题的原因及解决对策。在主要国家经验的比较研究部分,本文列举了美国、日本、德国在创新担保机制、加强政府资助、鼓励直接融资等方面的做法,为解决我国中小企业信贷融资难题提供了有益借鉴。在我国中小企业信贷融资实证分析势部分,本文列举了后金融危机时代我国中小企业面临的五种新问题：一是信贷规模控制导致中小企业融资难题加剧,是简单规模扩张式发展导致中小企业可持续发展能力不强,三是中小企业出现“空心化”新趋势,四是中小企业信贷融资的“去杠杆化”,五是“金融脱媒”促使中小企业融资渠道多元化,并简要分析了产生各种新趋向的主要表现和内在原因,提出了针对性的措施建议。在综合理论依据、先进经验和问题现状的基础上,本文从信贷资金的需求、供给和市场环境方面分析了中小企业融资难问题的成因,从企业自身、金融机构、政府、市场等角度提出解决中小企业信贷融资难题的主要措施。具体来说,中小企业要建立现代企业制度,积极调整结构,增强创新能力,实现转型发展：商业银行应加大对中小企业的信贷支持力度,创新贷款品种和担保方式,进一步降低中小企业贷款利率；政府应积极创造适合中小企业发展的担保体系和信用体系。本文较为系统地阐述了后金融危机时代我国中小企业信贷融资的现状、存在问题和解决措施。论文的主要创新之处在于总结分析了近年来中小企业信贷融资面临的新情况、新问题,并提出比向中小企业提供足额信贷资金更加重要和迫切的问题是,应当通过加大对中小企业的有效信贷投放,帮助中小企业实现调整转型和创新发展,从而推动我国经济结构调整和转型升级,实现国民经济全面协调可持续发展。
[Abstract]:Small and medium-sized enterprises play an indispensable role in expanding employment, improving efficiency, accelerating innovation and promoting economic growth. Since the 2008 financial crisis, the demand of small and medium-sized enterprises in our country has not only weakened in production and operation, but also the cost has increased. Margins and other huge impact, but also generally under the credit rationing environment more severe financing difficulties. This paper analyzes the new situation and problems of domestic SMEs' credit financing under the background of post-financial crisis, and adopts the method of combining qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. This paper objectively analyzes the deep causes of the difficulties in the credit financing of small and medium-sized enterprises, and draws lessons from the advanced experience of foreign countries, and puts forward concrete measures to solve the difficult problems of credit financing of small and medium-sized enterprises from different levels such as government, banks and enterprises. In the part of literature review, this paper briefly introduces the credit financing and its classification of small and medium-sized enterprises in China, and expounds the basic connotation and evolution process of enterprise financing theory, credit rationing theory and financial suppression theory from three angles of enterprise, bank and government. The paper also briefly reviews the causes and solutions of the credit financing problems of SMEs in China's theoretical circle. In the comparative study of the experiences of major countries, this paper enumerates the practices of the United States, Japan and Germany in innovating guarantee mechanisms, strengthening government funding, encouraging direct financing, and so on. It provides a useful reference for solving the problem of credit financing for small and medium-sized enterprises in China. In the part of empirical analysis of SMEs' credit financing in China, this paper enumerates five new problems faced by SMEs in the post-financial crisis era. It is the simple scale expansion type development that causes the small and medium-sized enterprise sustainable development ability is not strong, third is the small and medium-sized enterprise appears "hollow" the new trend, fourth is the small and medium-sized enterprise credit financing "deleveraging", Fifth, "financial disintermediation" promotes the diversification of financing channels for small and medium-sized enterprises, and briefly analyzes the main manifestations and internal causes of various new trends, and puts forward targeted measures and suggestions. On the basis of comprehensive theoretical basis, advanced experience and current situation of problems, this paper analyzes the causes of financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises from the demand, supply and market environment of credit funds, from the enterprises themselves, financial institutions, the government, This paper puts forward the main measures to solve the problem of credit financing for small and medium-sized enterprises from the point of view of market. Specifically, small and medium-sized enterprises should establish a modern enterprise system, actively adjust the structure, enhance the ability of innovation, realize the transformation and development: commercial banks should increase the credit support for small and medium-sized enterprises, innovate the variety of loans and guarantee methods, The government should actively create a guarantee system and a credit system suitable for the development of SMEs. This paper systematically expounds the present situation, existing problems and solving measures of credit financing for SMEs in the post-financial crisis era. The main innovation of the paper is to summarize and analyze the new situation and problems faced by SMEs in recent years, and propose that the more important and urgent problems are: We should increase the effective credit to the small and medium-sized enterprises, help them to realize the adjustment and the innovation development, thus promote our country's economic structure adjustment and the transformation and upgrade, realize the overall coordinated and sustainable development of the national economy.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F275;F276.3;F832.4

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