贵州农村小额信贷模式创新研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 22:00

本文选题：农村小额信贷 + 风险　；参考：《贵州财经大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：上世纪70年代尤诺斯教授创建的农村小额信贷自从1993年引入我国以来,对于我国农村金融体系的完善和发展发挥着至关重要的作用。同时,在为广大农村地区特别是欠发达地区的农村低收入群体的扶贫脱贫方面起到了及其重要的作用,有利地支持了我国“三农”的发展。贵州是中国贫困程度最深的省份,其农村小额信贷发展经历了由试点到推广再到全面开展的阶段,并形成了以农村信用社为主,邮政储蓄银行和各种村镇银行以及小额信贷公司并存的竞争格局,各种小额信贷机构对贵州农村的发展发挥着举足轻重的作用。随着经济全球化和金融深化,贵州农村的小额信贷出现了诸如面临风险(包括自然风险、市场风险、信用风险)问题、资金供需问题、机构内部的管理等问题,并由此影响其扶贫支农的效果。首先,本文介绍了国外小额信贷的典型模式及其特点,并由此提出为了适合我国国情的发展,我国应当借鉴印尼人民银行的制度主义模式。而后,文章分析了现有贵州农村小额信贷模式的发展情况,主要从小额信贷机构的生存环境、支农效果和存在的问题及分析三个方面来阐述。对小额信贷机构的环境环境分析主要从宏观环境、微观环境和行业的竞争三个方面来分析小额信贷机构面临的外部环境的机会和威胁,内部环境的优势和劣势；通过实证分析小额信贷对农户收入的影响；针对农业生产的季节性特点以及农户的信用意识薄弱等方面分析了小额信贷机构的支农贷款面临风险问题,同时,小额信贷机构面临自身的资金供给问题和人才匮乏问题。对此,本文在满足小额信贷机构的可持续发展的前提下,探索性地设计出适合贵州农村地区发展的小额信贷模式,构建出贵州农村小额信贷的创新模式。创新模式主要从小额信贷机构营销其产品和服务角度出发,利用营销学原理,分别从产品、利率、渠道和推广四个方面进行探索设计。并针对有关问题提出相应的对策建议,包括：正确行使政府职能、加强微观金融环境建设、明晰产权改革及管理、降低小额信贷的成本以及降低小额信贷的风险等方面。以期帮助贵州农村小额信贷实现机构上的可持续性和支农扶贫的双重目标。
[Abstract]:Since it was introduced into China in 1993, the rural microfinance founded by Professor Yunus in the 1970s has played a vital role in the improvement and development of the rural financial system in China. At the same time, it has played an important role in poverty alleviation and poverty alleviation for rural low income groups in rural areas, especially in underdeveloped areas, and has supported the development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers in China. Guizhou is the most impoverished province in China. The development of rural micro-credit has gone through the stage from pilot to popularization to full development, and has formed a rural credit cooperative. Postal savings bank, various village banks and micro-credit companies coexist in the competitive pattern, and various micro-credit institutions play an important role in the development of Guizhou rural areas. With the globalization of the economy and the deepening of finance, problems such as facing risks (including natural risks, market risks, credit risks), supply and demand of funds, and internal management of institutions have emerged in rural areas of Guizhou. And thus affect its poverty alleviation and support for agriculture. First of all, this paper introduces the typical models and characteristics of microfinance abroad, and puts forward that in order to adapt to the development of China's national conditions, we should learn from the institutional model of the people's Bank of Indonesia. Then, the article analyzes the development of the existing rural micro-credit model in Guizhou, mainly from three aspects: the living environment of microfinance institutions, the effect of supporting agriculture, the existing problems and the analysis of three aspects. The environmental analysis of microfinance institutions mainly from the macro environment, micro environment and industry competition to analyze the opportunities and threats of the external environment faced by microfinance institutions, the strengths and weaknesses of the internal environment; Through empirical analysis of the impact of micro-credit on farmers' income, the paper analyzes the risk of micro-credit institutions' agricultural loans in view of the seasonal characteristics of agricultural production and the weak credit consciousness of farmers. Microfinance institutions are faced with their own problems of capital supply and lack of talent. Therefore, on the premise of satisfying the sustainable development of microfinance institutions, this paper explores the design of a microfinance model suitable for the development of Guizhou rural areas, and constructs an innovative model of rural microfinance in Guizhou. The innovation model mainly starts from the angle of marketing its products and services by the micro-credit institutions, and makes use of the marketing principle to explore and design the products, interest rates, channels and promotion respectively from four aspects: product, interest rate, channel and promotion. The corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward, including: correctly performing the government function, strengthening the construction of micro-financial environment, clarifying the reform and management of property rights, reducing the cost of microcredit and reducing the risk of microcredit, and so on. In order to help Guizhou rural micro-credit to achieve the dual goals of sustainability and supporting agriculture poverty alleviation.
【学位授予单位】：贵州财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.4

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