湘潭县农村信用联社小额农户贷款风险管理研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 17:51

本文选题：湘潭县农村信用联社 + 小额农户贷款　；参考：《湖南大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国于2001年开始推广农户小额信用贷款(简称小额农贷),作为服务农村的一项特殊金融工具。多年来,小额农贷款在支持农村经济的发展、促进农民增收致富、发展农业信贷服务等方面做出了巨大贡献,已成为乡镇农村信用社支农惠农的主打品牌。但是实践表明,农信机构推广小额农贷并未收到良好效果,大量基层信用社小额农贷不良贷款居高不下,严重影响到农信机构发放农户贷款的积极性,并成为农信社稳健发展的制约因素之一。目前,我国农业人口依然停留在收入增长缓慢、消费支出占比大、资本积累少、借贷抵押品严重缺乏的阶段,难以符合现代商业银行融资条件和准入门槛,继续推广特色农村金融服务产品非常必要。因此,探寻小额农贷风险防范化解的途径,对深化农村金融服务、促进农村金融可持续性发展具有重要意义。湘潭县农村信用联社是典型的农村金融机构,也是当地主要银行机构之一,其存、贷款的市场占有率均在50%左右。至2011年底,湘潭县联社共发放小额农户贷款49000多笔,占所有贷款笔数的90.7%,余额41564万元,其中小额农贷不良贷款余额27071万元,小额农贷不良比例65%,占所有不良贷款余额的54.8%,风险程度大大高于其他类涉农贷款,同时高于同区域其他银行机构的同类型贷款。选取该机构作为研究小额农贷风险管理的研究对象,是非常具有代表性的。开展风险管理研究,首先要确定风险程度大小,本文从机构数据分析入手,通过对数据的连续性纵向变化和与同业机构的横向比较,确认农信社小额农贷的高风险既具有行业普遍性,又具有机构特性。然后采取问卷调查、实地走访等形式,从信贷双方行为观念、机构业务流程设计和风险管理体系,综合农业保险、信用体系、财政政策等方面,寻找湘潭县农村信用联社的小额农户贷款风险影响因素。研究结果显示信用风险和操作风险是农信社小额农户贷款面临的最主要风险,本文有针对性地从风险降维、降幅及相关配套措施方面提出对策以及对策的实施路径,帮助农信社机构建立农户小额农户贷款需求满足与信贷资金安全间的良性循环,同时满足服务三农和自身商业效益的双重目标。
[Abstract]:In 2001, our country began to popularize the peasant household small credit loan (abbreviated as small farm loan), as a special financial tool to serve the countryside. Over the years, micro-agricultural loans have made great contributions in supporting the development of rural economy, promoting farmers' income and wealth, and developing agricultural credit services, and have become the main brand of rural credit cooperatives in villages and towns to support agriculture and benefit farmers. However, the practice shows that the promotion of small agricultural loans by rural credit organizations has not achieved good results, and a large number of grass-roots credit cooperatives have a high level of non-performing loans for small agricultural loans, which seriously affect the enthusiasm of agricultural credit institutions to issue loans to farmers. And become a stable development of rural credit cooperatives one of the constraints. At present, the agricultural population of our country is still in the stage of slow income growth, large proportion of consumer expenditure, low accumulation of capital, and serious shortage of loan collateral, so it is difficult to meet the financing conditions and entry threshold of modern commercial banks. It is very necessary to continue to promote the special rural financial service products. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the ways to prevent and resolve the risks of small agricultural loans in order to deepen the rural financial services and promote the sustainable development of rural finance. Xiangtan County Rural Credit Union is a typical rural financial institution and one of the main local banking institutions. The market share of deposit and loan is about 50%. By the end of 2011, Xiangtan County Union had issued more than 49000 loans to small farmers, accounting for 90.7 yuan of the total number of loans, with a balance of 415.64 million yuan, including 270.71 million yuan of non-performing loans on small agricultural loans. The non-performing ratio of small agricultural loans is 65%, accounting for 54.8% of the balance of all non-performing loans. The risk level is much higher than that of other types of agricultural loans, and at the same time it is higher than the same type of loans of other banking institutions in the same region. It is very representative to select this institution as the research object of risk management of small agricultural loan. To carry out risk management research, we must first determine the degree of risk. This paper starts with the analysis of corporate data, through the vertical change of the data continuity and the horizontal comparison with the peer institutions. It is confirmed that the high risk of small-scale agricultural credit in RCCs has both industry universality and institutional characteristics. Then in the form of questionnaires, field visits, and so on, from the aspects of the behavior concept of both sides of credit, the design of organization business process and risk management system, comprehensive agricultural insurance, credit system, fiscal policy, etc. To find the risk factors of the small farmers loan in Xiangtan County Rural Credit Union. The research results show that the credit risk and operational risk are the most important risks faced by the small farmers of rural credit cooperatives. This paper puts forward the countermeasures and the implementation path of the countermeasures from the aspects of risk reduction, reduction and related supporting measures. To help the rural credit cooperatives to establish a virtuous circle between the farmers' demand for small farmers' loans and the security of credit funds, and at the same time to meet the dual objectives of serving agriculture, rural areas and farmers and their own commercial benefits.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.35;F832.43

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