租赁型保障房融资模式研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 20:32

本文选题：租赁型保障房 + BOT融资　；参考：《沈阳建筑大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：租赁型保障房是只租不售的一类住房保障形式,包括廉租房和公租房,这类住房不涉及产权的交接,是未来一段时期内我国的主要住房保障形式。全面建成小康社会是“十八大”提出的要在2020年实现的宏伟目标,人民居住权的实现是达成这一目标的基本前提。综观世界发达国家保障性住房发展历程,不难发现,在各国城镇化进程中,都出现过住房供给绝对短缺的阶段。针对这一问题,各国虽保障形式各有千秋,制度各有不同,但都鼓励民众租住房屋,实现“居者有其屋”,待住房供需矛盾缓解,进入改善居住环境阶段,再鼓励民众购买自有住房。要倡导中低收入家庭以租的方式实现居住权,改变传统的通过自有住房实现居住权的观念,这是本文研究的租赁型保障房的前提。我国经济快速发展,城乡发展和居民收入差距不协调,再加上市场经济的逐利性,导致中低收入家庭无力购买自有住房。这一矛盾在短期内政府可以通过扩大房屋来源,政策上引导中低收入家庭租房来解决。 “十一五”以来,我国的保障房建设力度空前加大,住房保障体系已初步形成,租赁型保障房有效地解决了部分中低收入家庭的住房问题,许多地区廉租房已形成了较为成熟的进入与退出机制,公租房也在蓬勃发展。但我国租赁型保障房建设的总体趋势与居民的期望和政府的长远目标还存在着较大的差距,与经济适用房和“两限房”相比,租赁型保障房的资金回收期较长,收益较低。随着建设范围的不断扩大,.租赁型保障房建设资金不足的问题日益严重。缺乏融资手段的创新,资金安全问题,监管力度不足,相关法律法规的滞后等,都是产生这一问题的原因。基于此,本文把解决租赁型保障房资金问题作为中心和出发点,搜集大量相关资料及文献,通过分析国外典型国家的住房保障形式,研究有关数据,寻找不同国家在住房保障方面成功的共同点,进而分析研究我国租赁型保障房建设资金问题的症结,总结出适合我国具体国情的资金解决渠道。吸收更多的社会资金支持租赁型保障房建设,提高社会资金的利用效率,是解决资金难题的根本途径。在综合考核了多种融资模式的基础上,认为BOT融资模式在经济上能够利用大量的社会闲散资金,在社会上能够符合民众的需求与期望,在实践上具有较多的成功经验。所以,提出将BOT融资模式应用于租赁型保障房建设的设想,并在理论上证明其可行,尝试在资金结构、投资结构、资信结构三个方面对该融资模式在租赁型保障房中的应用给出具体的融资设计。同时,对于另一种公私合营的融资模式,PPP融资模式在北京市的具体应用过程中出现的问题进行归类汇总,通过主成分分析法,找出该模式在应用过程中的主要问题,并针对这些问题给出了具体建议,以期该融资模式更好的应用于实践之中。
[Abstract]:Lease-type indemnificatory apartment is a kind of housing security form which only rents and does not sell, including low-rent housing and public rental. This kind of housing does not involve the transfer of property rights, and is the main form of housing security in China for a period of time in the future. Building a well-off society in an all-round way is the grand goal put forward by the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China to realize in 2020, and the realization of people's right of abode is the basic premise to achieve this goal. It is not difficult to find that there has been an absolute shortage of housing supply in the process of urbanization in developed countries. In response to this problem, although various countries have different forms of security and different systems, they all encourage people to rent houses and realize "home ownership" until the contradiction between supply and demand of housing is alleviated and the stage of improving the living environment is reached. People are encouraged to buy their own homes. It is the premise of this paper that we should advocate the low and middle income families to realize the right of residence by rent and change the traditional concept of realizing the right of residence through the self-owned housing. With the rapid development of economy, the disharmony between urban and rural development and the income gap between residents and the market economy, the low and middle income families are unable to buy their own houses. In the short term, the government can solve this problem by expanding housing sources and guiding low-and-middle-income families to rent. Since the 11th Five-Year Plan, the construction of indemnificatory apartment in China has been greatly strengthened, the housing security system has been initially formed, and the rental indemnificatory apartment has effectively solved the housing problems of some low- and middle-income families. Low-rent housing in many areas has formed a more mature entry and exit mechanism, and public rental housing is booming. However, there is still a big gap between the general trend of leasing type indemnificatory apartment construction and residents' expectation and the government's long-term goal. Compared with comfortable housing and "two limited houses", the capital payback period of lease type indemnificatory apartment is longer and the income is lower. With the continuous expansion of the scope of construction. The problem of lack of funds for leasing indemnificatory apartment construction is becoming more and more serious. The reasons for this problem are lack of innovation of financing means, safety of funds, insufficient supervision, lag of relevant laws and regulations, etc. Based on this, this paper regards solving the problem of leasing indemnificatory apartment as the center and starting point, collects a large number of relevant information and literature, and studies the relevant data by analyzing the housing security forms of typical foreign countries. In order to find the common ground of housing security in different countries, this paper analyzes and studies the crux of the financing problem of leasing indemnificatory apartment construction in China, and sums up the funds solution channels suitable for the specific situation of our country. Absorbing more social funds to support the construction of leasing indemnificatory apartment and improving the utilization efficiency of social funds are the fundamental ways to solve the problem of capital. On the basis of comprehensive examination of various financing modes, it is considered that bot financing model can utilize a large amount of social idle funds economically, meet the needs and expectations of the people in society, and have more successful experience in practice. Therefore, this paper puts forward the idea of applying bot financing model to the construction of leasing indemnificatory apartment, and proves its feasibility in theory. The application of this financing model in leasing indemnificatory apartment is given in three aspects of credit structure. At the same time, the problems in the application of PPP financing model in Beijing are classified and summarized. Through principal component analysis, the main problems in the application process of PPP financing model are found out. To solve these problems, some specific suggestions are given in order to better apply the financing model in practice.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F299.23

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