论我国电子票据法律制度的完善

发布时间：2018-06-19 19:22

本文选题：电子票据 + 法律制度　；参考：《西南政法大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着现代金融业电子化的发展趋势，全新的交易模式使得传统支付领域面临着巨大的考验。传统纸质票据由于受到诸多方面的局限，不能够适应电子商务时代的支付要求，而其他电子支付方式又不能够替代传统票据在支付领域的功能，在这种情况下电子票据应运而生。近年来电子信息技术飞速发展，互联网的应用已经深入到人们生活的每一个方面，为电子票据的推广创造了有利条件。然而，电子票据的发展不仅仅需要技术上的支持，更加需要法律给予其保障，使其能够充分发挥应有的效用。我国现行《票据法》是基于传统纸质票据而制定的，确认的是纸质票据及其签章的法律效力，没有将电子票据纳入其规制的范畴。虽然《电子支付指引》及《电子商业汇票管理办法》的相关规定可以适用于电子票据，但这些部门规章的法律效力层级较低，实践中仍然倾向于依据《票据法》处理电子票据纠纷，因此电子票据的业务发展与法律法规的制定处于失衡状态。理论界对电子票据的关注多集中于传统票据规则的滞后性，实务界则倾向于从电子商务的角度解决问题，提出的建议较为零散，不成体系。本文从制度层面出发，运用比较、归纳、历史分析以及借鉴的方法对电子票据的文献资料进行了分析研究，着眼于完善我国的电子票据法律制度。除开引言和结语部分，本文的主体分为四个部分：第一部分主要介绍了电子票据的基本理论，笔者将电子票据与传统纸质票据进行了分析比较，以阐明两者之间的联系和区别，并结合票据运行的实际情况总结出电子票据的比较优势。第二部分检讨了我国电子票据法律制度存在的问题，体现为电子票据的权利行使及救济方式与现行立法规定相冲突，电子票据缺乏完整的报价体系，票据当事人的法律责任不清晰，，票据市场监管力量薄弱。第三部分是本文论述的重点，即我国电子票据的合法地位的确立，笔者对世界主要国家和国际组织的电子票据立法进行了比较研究，提出了对《票据法》及相关法规进行修改和协调的建议，明确电子签名的法律效力，使电子票据符合法律关于书面形式和原件的要求。第四部分结合电子票据流通的实践，对完善我国电子票据法律制度提出了若干建议，通过构建统一的电子票据交易中心，形成电子票据利率定价机制，改进电子票据资信评级制度，提升电子票据市场监管水平。总之，笔者希望通过电子票据法律制度的完善，规范市场主体的票据行为，促进电子票据的流通和融资功能的发挥，进而推动金融市场整体的连通和发展。
[Abstract]:With the development trend of modern financial industry, the new transaction mode makes the traditional payment field face a great test. Due to the limitations of many aspects, the traditional paper bills can not adapt to the payment requirements of the electronic commerce era, and other electronic payment methods can not replace the functions of the traditional bills in the field of payment. In this case, electronic bills came into being. In recent years, with the rapid development of electronic information technology, the application of the Internet has penetrated into every aspect of people's lives, which has created favorable conditions for the promotion of electronic bills. However, the development of electronic instruments not only needs technical support, but also needs the protection of the law so that it can give full play to its due effect. The current instrument Law of our country is based on the traditional paper bill, which confirms the legal effect of the paper bill and its signature, and does not bring the electronic bill into the scope of its regulation. Although the relevant provisions of the Electronic payment guidelines and the regulations governing Electronic Commerce Bills can be applied to electronic instruments, the level of legal effect of these sectoral regulations is lower. In practice, it is still inclined to deal with the dispute of electronic bill according to "negotiable instrument Law", so the business development of electronic bill and the formulation of laws and regulations are out of balance. The attention of the theorists on electronic bills is mainly focused on the lag of the traditional bill rules, while the practical circles tend to solve the problems from the perspective of electronic commerce, and the suggestions put forward are scattered and not systematic. From the system level, this paper analyzes and studies the literature and materials of electronic bills by means of comparison, induction, historical analysis and reference, with a view to perfecting the legal system of electronic bills in our country. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the main body of this paper is divided into four parts: the first part mainly introduces the basic theory of electronic bills. In order to clarify the relationship and difference between the two, and combined with the actual operation of the bill summed up the comparative advantages of electronic bills. The second part reviews the problems existing in the legal system of electronic bill in our country, which is reflected in the conflict between the exercise of the right and the relief method of the electronic bill and the current legislative provisions, and the lack of a complete quotation system for the electronic bill. The legal responsibility of bill parties is not clear, and the supervision of bill market is weak. The third part is the focus of this paper, that is, the establishment of the legal status of electronic bills, the author of the world's major countries and international organizations of electronic bills legislation comparative study. This paper puts forward some suggestions for revising and coordinating the negotiable instrument Law and related laws and regulations, and clarifies the legal effect of electronic signature so as to make the electronic instrument meet the requirements of the law concerning the written form and the original. The fourth part, combining the practice of electronic bill circulation, puts forward some suggestions to perfect the legal system of electronic bill in our country, and forms the pricing mechanism of interest rate of electronic bill by constructing a unified electronic bill trading center. To improve the credit rating system of electronic bills and improve the supervision level of electronic bills market. In a word, the author hopes that through the perfection of the legal system of electronic bill, we can standardize the bill behavior of the market subject, promote the circulation of electronic bill and the function of financing, and then promote the overall connectivity and development of the financial market.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.287

【参考文献】