中国与美国大都市区城市内部土地覆盖结构时空差异

发布时间：2018-09-17 09:29

【摘要】：城市内部土地覆盖结构对城市生态服务功能和人居环境质量产生重要影响。中国与美国不同发展阶段城市不透水地表和绿地时空分布格局存在显著差异。本文基于Landsat TM/MSS影像获取1978、1990、2000、2010年城市内部土地覆盖和不透水地表分类信息,监测并比较中国和美国六个特大城市扩展时空动态、土地覆盖结构差异及城市不同功能区特征。研究表明,在过去30多年以来,中国城市以相对紧凑形态发展,美国城市较为离散;美国三大城市植被所占的比例是中国的2.21倍;中国城市内部结构土地利用功能类型更加复杂,不透水地表密度更高,而美国城市CBD和居住区功能相对独立,特别居住区以镶嵌式低不透水地表和高绿地比例结构为主。
[Abstract]:Urban land cover structure has an important influence on the function of urban ecological service and the quality of human settlement environment. There are significant differences in spatial and temporal distribution patterns of impervious surface and green space between China and the United States at different stages of development. In this paper, the classification information of land cover and impermeable surface in cities in 1978-1990 and 2010 were obtained based on Landsat TM/MSS images. The spatial and temporal dynamics of expansion, the differences of land cover structure and the characteristics of different functional areas of cities in China and the United States were monitored and compared. The research shows that in the past 30 years, the Chinese cities have developed in a relatively compact form, and the American cities have been relatively discrete, and the proportion of vegetation in the three major cities in the United States is 2.21 times that in China. The land use function types of urban interior structure in China are more complex and the density of impermeable land surface is higher, while the function of CBD and residential area in American cities is relatively independent, especially the inlaid low impermeable surface structure and high greenbelt proportion structure in residential areas.
【作者单位】：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：国家高技术研究发展计划(2013AA122802) 国家自然科学基金项目(41371408) 国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2010CB95090400,2014CB954302) 国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAJ15B02)资助~~
【分类号】：F299.23;F299.712

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