邮储银行四平分行农户贷款风险控制研究
发布时间：2019-06-21 04:44
【摘要】：随着国家对农业、农村、农民问题的日益重视和“工业反哺农业”、“城市反哺农村”政策的推行，三农问题越来越受到社会的普遍关注，农村经济发展缺乏资金供给和农村金融市场混乱的局势急待解决。邮储银行成立之初，根据自身的优劣势分析就将服务农村经济发展作为银行的使命，将大力发展农户贷款作为初期重要的发展点，而农户贷款业务全面开展5年来也确实为新成立的银行带来了丰富的收益，并使其在商业银行领域站稳了一席之地。同时伴随着业务的逐渐扩张，农户贷款固有的风险逐渐体现出来，不良贷款从无到有，不良率节节高升，，部分分行不良率甚至达到业务停办的临界点，贷款损失凸显，个别分行2012年利润甚至出现负数。随着不断涌现的不良贷款，邮储银行农户贷款的风险越来越受到关注。 农户贷款涉及的基础风险因素包括信用风险、操作风险、管理风险、市场风险四大类。农户贷款由于其本质上属于信用贷款单纯以贷款人信用为基础，本身属于高风险贷款品种；作为贷款对象的农户长期以来处于经济社会的底层，长久以来积累的种种影响其发展的桎梏；农业又处于传统产业行列，在中国机器化大生产没有普及，传统的小农经济占主导的农业生产状态下，属于风险高度不确定行业；而邮储银行作为新生银行其在管理经验上的不足、管理制度方面的不健全、银行经营管理理念上的不成熟、组织结构成面上的混乱、从业人员综合素质方面的欠缺等等问题，这些种种方面都对银行信贷风险起到了放大作用。本文联系邮储银行四平市分行农户贷款业务实际与借鉴兄弟行发展的经验教训，综合考虑农户贷款的影响因素，将邮储银行农户贷款风险具体归纳为外部固有风险、行内规章制度不健全的影响、操作流程中存在问题的影响三个方面，并进行具体细化分析，从还款意愿和还款能力两方面分析，找出农户贷款违约的成因；从行内与信贷相关的各项管理制度、管理方法方面入手分析，找出其与农户不良贷款形成的种种关系；从具体业务处理流程各环节逐项进行分析，找出业务流程中存在的风险隐患。同时，根据分析出的风险点，从农户基础信用风险控制、对外部负面影响的抵制、优化内部信贷相关管理制度、提高信贷业务管理水平以规避操作风险四个角度来研究四平市分行农户贷款风险控制措施，以期达到及时发现风险，并予有效规避和管理风险以降低不良率，保障信贷资金安全，促进信贷业务高速、稳健发展，继续为推进农村经济发展提供资金保障、更好的践行邮储银行的发展战略。
[Abstract]:With the increasing attention paid by the state to the problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers and the implementation of the policy of "industry feeding agriculture" and "urban feeding rural areas", the problems of agriculture, countryside and farmers have been paid more and more attention by the society. The lack of capital supply in rural economic development and the confusion of rural financial markets need to be solved urgently. At the beginning of the establishment of the Postal savings Bank, according to its own advantages and disadvantages analysis, it will serve the rural economic development as the mission of the bank, and vigorously develop farmers' loans as the initial important development point, and the farmers' loan business has indeed brought rich benefits to the newly established banks in the past five years, and has made it stand in the field of commercial banks. At the same time, with the gradual expansion of business, the inherent risks of farmers' loans are gradually reflected. Non-performing loans grow from scratch, bad rates rise, some branches even reach the critical point of business suspension, loan losses are prominent, and individual branches even have negative profits in 2012. With the emergence of non-performing loans, the risk of farmers' loans in Postal savings Bank has been paid more and more attention. The basic risk factors involved in farmers' loans include credit risk, operational risk, management risk and market risk. Because of its essence, the credit loan is based solely on the lender's credit, and it belongs to the variety of high-risk loan. As the object of the loan, the peasant household has been at the bottom of the economy and society for a long time, and has accumulated all kinds of shackles that affect its development for a long time. Agriculture is also in the ranks of traditional industries, in China's machinization production is not popular, the traditional small peasant economy dominated by agricultural production, belongs to the risk of highly uncertain industries; As a new bank, the Postal savings Bank has some problems, such as the lack of management experience, the imperfection of the management system, the immaturity of the management concept of the bank, the confusion of the organizational structure, the lack of the comprehensive quality of the employees and so on. All these aspects have played a magnifying role in the credit risk of the bank. Based on the actual situation of farmers' loan business in Siping Branch of Postal savings Bank and the experience and lessons learned from the development of brotherly banks, this paper comprehensively considers the influencing factors of farmers' loans, and sums up the farmers' loan risks of postal savings banks into three aspects: external inherent risks, the influence of imperfect rules and regulations in the bank, and the influence of problems in the operation process, and makes a specific detailed analysis, and analyzes them from two aspects: repayment willingness and repayment ability. To find out the causes of farmers' loan default; This paper analyzes the management systems and management methods related to credit in the bank, finds out the various relations between them and the formation of farmers' non-performing loans, analyzes item by item from each link of the specific business processing process, and finds out the risks and hidden dangers existing in the business process. At the same time, according to the analyzed risk points, from the farmers' basic credit risk control, resistance to the external negative impact, optimize the internal credit related management system, improve the credit business management level to avoid operational risk four angles to study the Siping branch farmers' loan risk control measures, in order to find the risk in time, and effectively avoid and manage the risk to reduce the bad rate and ensure the safety of credit funds. We will promote the rapid and steady development of credit business, continue to provide financial security for promoting rural economic development, and better practice the development strategy of Postal savings Bank.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.43
本文编号：2503798
[Abstract]:With the increasing attention paid by the state to the problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers and the implementation of the policy of "industry feeding agriculture" and "urban feeding rural areas", the problems of agriculture, countryside and farmers have been paid more and more attention by the society. The lack of capital supply in rural economic development and the confusion of rural financial markets need to be solved urgently. At the beginning of the establishment of the Postal savings Bank, according to its own advantages and disadvantages analysis, it will serve the rural economic development as the mission of the bank, and vigorously develop farmers' loans as the initial important development point, and the farmers' loan business has indeed brought rich benefits to the newly established banks in the past five years, and has made it stand in the field of commercial banks. At the same time, with the gradual expansion of business, the inherent risks of farmers' loans are gradually reflected. Non-performing loans grow from scratch, bad rates rise, some branches even reach the critical point of business suspension, loan losses are prominent, and individual branches even have negative profits in 2012. With the emergence of non-performing loans, the risk of farmers' loans in Postal savings Bank has been paid more and more attention. The basic risk factors involved in farmers' loans include credit risk, operational risk, management risk and market risk. Because of its essence, the credit loan is based solely on the lender's credit, and it belongs to the variety of high-risk loan. As the object of the loan, the peasant household has been at the bottom of the economy and society for a long time, and has accumulated all kinds of shackles that affect its development for a long time. Agriculture is also in the ranks of traditional industries, in China's machinization production is not popular, the traditional small peasant economy dominated by agricultural production, belongs to the risk of highly uncertain industries; As a new bank, the Postal savings Bank has some problems, such as the lack of management experience, the imperfection of the management system, the immaturity of the management concept of the bank, the confusion of the organizational structure, the lack of the comprehensive quality of the employees and so on. All these aspects have played a magnifying role in the credit risk of the bank. Based on the actual situation of farmers' loan business in Siping Branch of Postal savings Bank and the experience and lessons learned from the development of brotherly banks, this paper comprehensively considers the influencing factors of farmers' loans, and sums up the farmers' loan risks of postal savings banks into three aspects: external inherent risks, the influence of imperfect rules and regulations in the bank, and the influence of problems in the operation process, and makes a specific detailed analysis, and analyzes them from two aspects: repayment willingness and repayment ability. To find out the causes of farmers' loan default; This paper analyzes the management systems and management methods related to credit in the bank, finds out the various relations between them and the formation of farmers' non-performing loans, analyzes item by item from each link of the specific business processing process, and finds out the risks and hidden dangers existing in the business process. At the same time, according to the analyzed risk points, from the farmers' basic credit risk control, resistance to the external negative impact, optimize the internal credit related management system, improve the credit business management level to avoid operational risk four angles to study the Siping branch farmers' loan risk control measures, in order to find the risk in time, and effectively avoid and manage the risk to reduce the bad rate and ensure the safety of credit funds. We will promote the rapid and steady development of credit business, continue to provide financial security for promoting rural economic development, and better practice the development strategy of Postal savings Bank.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.43
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