明至民国皖北地区行政区划变动研究

发布时间：2018-01-02 08:12

本文关键词：明至民国皖北地区行政区划变动研究　出处：《江西师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：行政区划指国家形成后，统治阶级的是为了实现更好地统治和管理，根据一定的行政区划原则，诸如经济、政治、文化、自然环境等将领土划分为不同的层次和区域的国家制度。故而一个地区的行政区划要遵循一定的规律，综合考量当地的自然环境、政治、经济、文化等多种因素，缺一不可，并根据形势的变化进行适当地调整。明朝建立后对故元的行政区划进行了大规模、深层次地调整，今皖北地区的行政区划亦经历了激烈的调整，或划界高层政区，或析置、合并府州，或裁并、增置州县，或省并附郭，最终形成了一个巨大的凤阳府，其跨界甚巨，甚至超出今皖北区域，包括苏、豫等一部分，，同时也基本上奠定了今天安徽省北部界域。然而，由于在区划过程中过于重视政治因素和皇帝本人的喜好，在历史的演变中弊端显现并加剧，随后进行了凤阳府的缩并工作，然有明一代，凤阳府仍是南直隶最大的府。伴随着历史的演进，政治、经济、文化等多种因素不断地变化、发展，广阔的皖北地区仅存一偌大的凤阳府越来越难以适应形势的变化，皖北内部的府州之间的政治运作出现了不少的弊端，但直至明亡也没有调整。入清后，待全国大势趋稳，政治、经济、文化、自然环境等亦发生了较大的变化，偌大的凤阳府愈发不利于统治，调整皖北行政区划就显得刻不容缓，有清一代，分江南，析府州，置并县，移佐贰，对皖北的行政区划进行了大范围、大规模地调整，在一定程度上适应了形势的发展。但鸦片战争后中国逐步半殖民半封建化，经济、政治形势变化较快，出现“几千年未有之变局”，行政区划的调整未跟上形势的变化，政府的地方控制力摇摇欲坠，直至清亡。入民国，随着津浦铁路的修建和开通，新兴交通工具极其强大的经济集聚效应对皖北地区经济发展产生了巨大的影响，一些地方急剧崛起，一些地方迅速衰落，地域内部的经济形势差异十分显剧，经济要素的强势突出不可避免地增强了权重，并引起其他因素的变化，为适应其变化，新的设市工作摆上案头。本文着重考察明至民国期间皖北地区（包括上世纪五十年代初划进的萧县、砀山以及历史上长期隶属安徽的泗洪、盱眙）政治、经济、文化、自然生态环境的演变及当地的行政区划的变迁与发展，以求揭示六百年间皖北地区行政区划背后的历史地理因素，通过此约六百年间皖北地区的个案印证行政区划必须遵循相应规律的重要性及对现今的启示意义。本文写作框架亦是按照以上的思路展开的，除了导言、结语外共分三章，第一章探讨明至民国时期皖北地区区划的沿革过程，对其变迁和发展作介绍。第二章论述影响此段时期内皖北地区行政区划变迁背后的历史地理因素，分析各种因素的变迁过程、相互作用及对政区变动的影响。第三章着重总结此段时期皖北地区行政区划变动的规律，分析行政区划的变迁对区域社会的影响。
[Abstract]:The administrative division refers to the country after the formation of the ruling class in order to achieve better governance and management, according to the principle of administrative divisions, such as the economic, political, cultural and natural environment of the territory is divided into different levels and regions of the state system. Therefore the administrative division of a region to follow certain rules, comprehensive consideration the natural environment, the local political, economic, cultural and other factors, are indispensable, and appropriately adjusted according to the changing situation.
After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty to the Yuan's administrative divisions on a large scale, deep adjustment, the northern areas of administrative divisions has also undergone a drastic adjustment, or the delimitation of higher administrative regions, or analysis of the merger, the state government, or merge, the prefecture, or province of Guo, eventually forming a a huge mansion in Fengyang, the cross-border huge, even beyond the northern region, including Jiangsu, Henan and other parts, but also basically laid today in northern Anhui province industry domain. However, due to the division in the process of paying too much attention to political factors and preferences of the Emperor himself, in the history of the evolution of malpractices and intensified followed by the Fengyang government and the shrinkage, and the Ming Dynasty, Fengyang Prefecture is still the largest South Zhili government. Along with the evolution of history, politics, economy, culture and other factors are constantly changing, development, the vast northern region only more and more difficult to a huge mansion in Fengyang. According to the change of the situation, there were many malpractices in the political operation between the government and state in the north of Anhui Province, but there was no adjustment until the death of the government.
In the Qing Dynasty, the trend of national politics, economy, stabilization, culture, natural environment has undergone great changes, the huge Fengyang government increasingly is not conducive to the adjustment of administrative divisions in rule, it is urgent, the Qing Dynasty, Jiangnan Branch, prefecture and county set out, and moved with two administrative divisions. On the northern Anhui for the large scale, large scale adjustment, to a certain extent, to adapt to the development of the situation. But the economic Chinese gradually semi colonial and semi feudal, after the Opium War, the political situation changes rapidly, "no change" for thousands of years, administrative division adjustment does not keep up with changes in the situation, the local government control until the end of the Qing Dynasty was.
In the Republic of China, with the construction of the railway and the railway opened, the economic development of Northern Anhui economic agglomeration effect to the emerging transportation extremely powerful had a huge impact, some places rise sharply, some local rapid decline of regional internal economic situation is very significant differences between drama and economic factors are strong prominent inevitably increased weight, and cause other factors change, to adapt to the change, the new city work put on the desk.
This paper focuses on the Ming Dynasty to the Republic of China during the northern region (including the last century at the beginning of 50s in Xiaoxian, Dangshan and the long history under the Anhui Sihong, Xuyi) the political, economic, culture, change and development of the natural ecological environment and the evolution of the local administrative division, in order to reveal the factors behind six hundred years of history and geography of Northern Anhui administration through the case of this division, about six hundred years of Northern Anhui confirms the importance of administrative divisions must follow the corresponding laws and of the implications.
This writing framework is also carried out in accordance with the above ideas. Besides the introduction and conclusion, it is divided into three chapters. The first chapter discusses the evolution process of the regionalization in Northern Anhui during the Ming Dynasty to the Republic of China, and introduces its vicissitude and development.
The second chapter discusses the historical and geographical factors that influence the changes of administrative divisions in Northern Anhui during this period, and analyzes the changing process of various factors, the interaction and the impact on the change of administrative regions.
The third chapter emphatically summarizes the law of the change of administrative division in the northern part of Anhui Province during this period, and analyzes the influence of the change of administrative division on the regional society.

【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D691.2;D693.62

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