中韩赦免制度比较研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 07:45

本文关键词：中韩赦免制度比较研究　出处：《延边大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：赦免制度历史悠久,经历从古代到现代的存废之争,法治发达国家一直适用,说明赦免制度在现代刑法理论体系及实践中有着其独特的现实性意义。在中国封建王朝时期,赦免作为巩固王政的工具频繁地适用。建国之后为解决战犯问题,曾实施了 7次特赦,之后因严峻的治安形势和社会民众的重刑观念的影响,被空置40年。直到2015年才以抗日战争及法西斯战争胜利70周年为主题进行过特赦。现代赦免制度在调节社会利益冲突、平衡社会关系等方面有明显的刑事政策的功能。在一定时期根据社会的政治、经济、形势合理地利用赦免制度,可以有效地缓和社会矛盾,稳定国家和社会氛围。但是,就我国现今关于赦免制度的规定来看,缺乏实体和程序性的规定,严重影响赦免制度的实施。我国仅在《宪法》、《刑法》、《刑事诉讼法》中有6条涉及"赦免"这一单词的法律条文,很难说是可以形成一种制度,如果要将赦免制度的实施作为常态,很难做到有法可依。所以,在我国现今法律体系中,赦免制度的完善势在必行。韩国在建国之后就以法律二号文件的形式规定了《赦免法》,并在此后实施了多次赦免实践。但是在历届政府对赦免制度滥用的情况下,从2008年开始修改赦免法,并最终在2012年完成了修改。修改后的《赦免法》加入了赦免审查委员会,对实体与程序性规定也相当详尽,且有效遏制了政府对赦免制度的滥用情况。对韩国赦免制度的借鉴,不仅可以使我国在完善赦免制度时有参考的立法模式与经验,而且对完善后如何有效遏制滥用赦免制度有着现实性意义。为方便对论文的说明与阅读者的理解,在本文的最后附录部分附加了对韩国《赦免法》的笔者的中韩翻译表。本文从赦免制度的概念及其类型入手,查阅相关文献和资料,回顾了中国和韩国在现代赦免制度的实践情况,并叙述了两国关于赦免制度的立法现状。之后在实体和程序两个方面分析并比较了两国赦免制度存在的差异点,找到完善我国赦免制度时可以借鉴之处,在此基础上对实体和程序两个部分提出了完善我国赦免制度的建议。
[Abstract]:The pardon system has a long history and has experienced the debate from ancient to modern, the rule of law has been applied in developed countries. It shows that the pardon system has its unique practical significance in the theoretical system and practice of modern criminal law. During the period of the feudal dynasty in China, the pardon as a tool to consolidate the king's government was frequently applied to solve the problem of war criminals after the founding of the people's Republic of China. There were seven amnesties, which were later influenced by the harsh security situation and the concept of severe punishment by the public. Left vacant for 40 years. It was not until 2015 that amnesty was granted on the 70th anniversary of the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan and the Fascist War. Balance social relations and other aspects have obvious criminal policy function. In a certain period of time according to the social politics, economy, situation reasonable use of pardon system, can effectively alleviate social contradictions. However, the lack of substantive and procedural provisions has seriously affected the implementation of the amnesty system. Our country only in the Constitution, "Criminal Law". There are six legal provisions in the Code of Criminal procedure dealing with the word "pardon", and it is hardly possible to form a system, and it is difficult to have a legal basis if the implementation of the amnesty system is to be the norm. In the present legal system of our country, it is imperative to perfect the pardon system. After the founding of the people's Republic of Korea, the Pardon Law was stipulated in the form of Law No. 2. Since then, a number of pardons have been implemented. However, in the case of abusing the amnesty system by successive governments, the amnesty law has been amended since 2008. In 2012, the revised Amnesty Law was added to the Pardon Review Commission, and the substantive and procedural provisions were also detailed. And effectively curbs the government to the pardon system abuse situation, the reference to the Korean pardon system, not only can make our country have the reference legislative pattern and the experience in the consummation of the pardon system. And how to effectively curb the abuse of pardon system after the completion of practical significance. In order to facilitate the explanation of the paper and the understanding of readers. In the final appendix of this paper, the author of the Korean Pardon Law is appended to the Chinese and Korean translation tables. This paper starts with the concept and types of pardon system, and looks up the relevant literature and materials. This paper reviews the practice of China and South Korea in the modern amnesty system, and describes the current legislative situation of the two countries on the pardon system, and then analyzes and compares the differences between the two countries in substantive and procedural aspects. On the basis of finding out the points that can be used for reference when perfecting the amnesty system in China, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect the amnesty system in our country on the basis of the two parts of entity and procedure.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D931.26;DD914;D924.1

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