我国食品安全标准体系框架构建研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 01:27

本文关键词：我国食品安全标准体系框架构建研究　出处：《山西医科大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：研究目的： 1.运用规制理论,对食品安全监管中运用到的行政性规制(制度方面)的内容进行总结,在此基础上探讨食品安全标准体系问题。 2.比较部分发达国家和国际组织食品安全标准体系的选择、发展及差异等方面特点。 3.运用案例分析法对目前我国食品安全标准体系基本状况进行案例分析。 4.提出适合我国国情的食品安全标准体系新框架的设置方案,以高效性、科学性、合理性及实用性为目标,为政府食品安全有效监管提供决策参考。研究方法: 1.历史文献法。在对规制理论的综述研究、我国食品标准体系建设的演进分析过程中,运用了历史文献法。 2.归纳比较法。对我国与部分发达国家和组织食品安全标准体系在标准机构组织管理、标准来源标准设置特点方面进行比较分析。 3.统计描述法。根据收集的数据,对我国与国际组织与部分发达国家的基本标准框架设置情况及具体标准进行统计并描述其发展趋向。对案例分析中统计数据进行详细比较与描述。 4.案例分析法。对国内典型食品安全事件和进出口食品受阻情况进行分析,总结当前我国食品安全标准存在的问题,并提出合理化建议。研究结果： 1.由于各国的政治、经济、文化等方面的差异,导致食品安全标准不一,尤其是进出口食品标准差异较大。目前,在世界范围内,国际组织与发达国家的食品安全标准体系相对比较健全。 2.我国在食品安全标准方面的渐进式改革经历了四个阶段,目前,已初步形成了门类齐全,结构相对合理,具有一定配套性和完整性的食品质量安全标准体系,基本可以满足目前食品行业的需求,但是与发达国家相比仍有一定差距。但是由于食品安全标准类别的多样化,标准制定和监管部门职能的交叉性,导致目前食品安全多层标准交叉重叠、重要指标缺失粗略等问题。从我国近几年来对食品安全标准整合数量的统计来看,我国食品安全标准趋向统一化、规范化、国际化等,尤其是随着国际贸易的扩大,进出口食品安全标准水平不断提高,食品安全标准制定与管理部门继续加大对目前标准的清理整合力度,主要有三大任务：(1)完成对食用农产品质量安全标准、食品卫生标准、食品质量标准以及行业标准中强制执行内容的分析整理和评估工作,加快重点品种、领域的标准制修订工作,充实完善食品安全国家标准体系。(2)对于相关食品标准或技术指标,提出有效、科学和可行的清理意见(3)调整我国标准管理机制,更好执行标准清理结果,同时保证后期标准清理整合工作。 3.案例分析与数据对比结果显示,我国目前相当一部分标准存在重叠、交叉和矛盾现象。通过梳理近几年来重大热点食品安全事件,我国目前实行的两套标准“并肩而行”,多个标准同时规制的标准体系,引发和暴露食品安全标准体系的缺陷,从而直接导致食品生产企业的投机逐利心理,加大食品安全监管部门的监管难度,危害公众身体健康、社会稳定与食品进出口贸易的发展。研究结论： 1.我国食品安全标准体系优化与完善包含三个方面内容：一是优化食品安全标准监管机制,包括管理机构优化与管理制度完善。二是优化提高食品安全标准结构与层级,提高标准的科学性、合理性和实用性。三是建立标准体系保障机制,实现标准体系全方位沟通与交流。 2.本文提出完善我国食品安全标准体系框架基本构想：一、减少食品安全标准制定管理部门,统一标准管理机构。二、完善食品安全标准制定机制,包括风险评估机制与反馈机制等。三、提高食品安全标准水平,减少标准分级与分层,制定统一的食品安全国家标准。
[Abstract]:The purpose of the study is:
1., by using the theory of regulation, we summarize the contents of administrative regulation applied in food safety supervision, and discuss the problem of food safety standard system based on this.
2. compare the selection, development and difference of food safety standard system in some developed countries and international organizations.
3. case analysis is used to analyze the basic situation of our country's food safety standard system.
4., put forward a new framework of food safety standard system suitable for China's national conditions, aiming at efficiency, scientificity, rationality and practicality, and provide decision-making reference for government's effective supervision of food safety.
Research methods:
1. historical literature law. In the review of the regulation theory and the process of the evolution of China's food standard system construction, historical documents are used.
2., the induction and comparison method. The food safety standard system in some developed countries and organizations in China is compared and analyzed in the standard organization management and the standard source standard setting characteristics.
3., statistical descriptive method. According to the collected data, the basic standard framework setting and specific standards of China and international organizations and some developed countries are statistically described and their development trend is described. The statistical data in case studies are compared and described in detail.
4., case analysis. The typical food safety incidents and food imports and exports in China were analyzed. The existing problems of food safety standards in China were summarized, and rationalization proposals were put forward.
The results of the study:
1., due to the differences of politics, economy and culture in different countries, food safety standards are different, especially the difference between import and export food standards. At present, the world food safety standards system between developed countries and international organizations is relatively sound.
2. of China's food safety standards of the gradual reform has experienced four stages, at present, has formed a complete, relatively reasonable structure, food quality and safety standards of supporting and integrity, basic can meet the needs of the food industry, but there is still a certain gap compared with developed countries. But because of various categories of food safety standards, cross standards and regulatory functions, leading to the current food safety standard multi-storey overlap, lack of important index rough problems. From our country in recent years to count the number of food safety standards integration, China's food safety standards tend to be unified, standardized. Internationalization, especially with the expansion of international trade, import and export food safety standards, and constantly improve the level of food safety standards and management departments continue to add to the current standard Ready to clean up the integration efforts, there are three main tasks: (1) the completion of the agricultural product quality safety standards of food, food hygiene standards, analysis of enforcement of the contents of the collation and evaluation of food quality standards and industry standards, to speed up the key species, in the field of standard system revision, enrich and perfect the national food safety standard system (. 2) for food standards or technical indicators, put forward effective, scientific and feasible clean opinions (3) to adjust our standard management mechanism, better execution of the cleanup standards, while ensuring the late clean integration work.
3. case analysis and comparison of the data shows that in our country at present a considerable part of the standard crossover and overlap, by combing the contradictory phenomenon. In recent years the major hot food safety incidents, the implementation of the current standard of two sets of line side by side, a plurality of standards and regulation of the standard system, and lead to defective food exposure safety standard system, which lead directly to food production enterprises in the speculative psychology, strengthen food safety supervision departments of supervision difficult, endangering public health, social stability and the development of food import and export trade.
The conclusions are as follows:
1. of China's food safety standard system optimization and improvement includes three aspects: one is to optimize the mechanism of food safety regulatory standards, improve the management mechanism including optimization and management system. The two is to optimize the structure and improve food safety standards level, improve scientific standards, rationality and practicality. The three is to establish the guarantee mechanism of standard system. The standard system of a full range of communication and exchange.
2. this paper presents framework to improve the food safety standard system in China: a basic conception, reduce food safety standards management departments, unified management institutions. Two, improve food safety standards system, including risk assessment mechanism and feedback mechanism. Three, improve the level of food safety standards, standard classification and hierarchical reduction, unified the national food safety standards.

【学位授予单位】：山西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F203;F426.82

【参考文献】