广州市浅层地下水化学时空分布特征及其对土地利用类型的响应

发布时间：2018-01-06 23:01

本文关键词：广州市浅层地下水化学时空分布特征及其对土地利用类型的响应　出处：《生态环境学报》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：广州市作为珠三角地区的政治经济中心,人口数已经超过1 500万,因此,其供水安全问题至关重要。虽然广州市目前供水主要来源于东江、西江和北江,但是水污染等问题使得其供水能力较为脆弱,而地下水作为应急水源,了解其水质及影响因素为重中之重。为了解广州市地下水化学特征概况和土地利用类型对地下水的影响,分别于2014年12月(旱季)和2015年7月(雨季)各采集72个浅层地下水水样,分析水中pH、TDS和主要的七大离子含量;运用GIS的相关技术方法分析水化学性质的时空分布特征,对水化学类型区域进行划分;采用Duncan多重比较法分析土地利用类型对地下水化学特征的影响。结果表明,广州市浅层地下水化学特征季节性差异不显著,但空间上存在较大差异,其中Na~+和Cl~-在空间上的变异性最大。由于广州市东北地区土壤层较薄,对酸雨的缓冲能力较弱,并且作为流域内的主要补给区,其pH值较低,pH总体呈现出东北低西南高的分布趋势;TDS主要受到海水的影响呈现出与pH相似的分布趋势,另外,农耕地覆盖下和脆弱性较高地区的地下水中的TDS含量相对较高。广州市浅层地下水水化学类型以Ca+Mg-HCO_3为主,沿海区域和中心城区由于海水入侵和人类活动的影响导致水化学类型向Na+K-Cl+SO_4型转变。根据差异性分析结果,土地利用方式会对地下水造成一定的影响,但是较为分散的土地利用方式对地下水的影响效果不显著,而由于行政功能划分不同造成的各土地利用方式在不同行政区的比例差异却会对地下水化学性质造成显著的影响。K~+与SO_4~(2-)在浅层地下水中的含量与农耕用地面积存在正相关关系,Na+则主要与城镇用地面积相关,Cl~-同时受农耕用地和城镇用地的影响。
[Abstract]:Guangzhou City, the Pearl River Delta region as a political and economic center, the population has more than 15 million, therefore, it is important for the safety of water supply in Guangzhou city. Although the current water supply mainly from Dongjiang, Xijiang and Beijiang River, but the water pollution makes the water supply capacity is relatively weak, and the groundwater was used as emergency water, water quality and influence the factor priority among priorities. In order to understand the chemical characteristics of groundwater and the types of land use in Guangzhou city the impact of groundwater, respectively in December 2014 (dry season) and July 2015 (Yu Ji) of the 72 samples collected under shallow water analysis, pH, TDS and seven main ion content; related to the use of GIS technique in analysis of spatial and temporal distribution the characteristics of water chemistry, to classify the type of water chemistry area; Duncan analysis by using multiple comparison method, the impact of land use types on groundwater chemical characteristics. Guangzhou City show that the shallow groundwater chemical characteristics of seasonal differences were not significant, but there are great differences in space, where Na~+ and Cl~- in spatial variability. Because Guangzhou city northeast of soil layer is thin, the acid buffer capacity is weak, and as the main recharge area of the basin, its value is pH low pH, showing the overall trend of the Northeast southwest high low distribution; TDS is mainly affected by sea shows the distribution trend, similar to pH and in addition, relatively high TDS content and high vulnerability areas of groundwater in Guangzhou city. Covering farmland hydrochemical types of shallow groundwater in coastal areas and based on Ca+Mg-HCO_3. The city center due to the influence of seawater intrusion and human activities in the water chemistry type change to Na+K-Cl+SO_4. According to the difference analysis results, land use will cause a certain impact on the groundwater, but more For the effect of scattered land use impacts on groundwater is not significant, but due to the use of the land by different administrative functions in different administrative region differences in the proportion of.K~+ and SO_4~ will have a significant effect on the chemical properties of groundwater (2-) were positively correlated with farming in shallow groundwater in the land Na+ is the main area, and the area of urban land, at the same time by the Cl~- of agricultural land and urban land.

【作者单位】：广州市水务科学研究所;中山大学地理科学与规划学院;中山大学地理科学与规划学院//广东省城市化与地理环境空间模拟重点实验室;广州市防汛防旱防风总指挥部办公室;广州市水务工程建设管理中心;广州市水务局执法监察支队;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41371055;41611140112;41771027;41701585) 广州水务局科技项目(GZSW1451S/YD15G0320;2016-203;swjgky-2017001号)
【分类号】：F301.2;P641.3
【正文快照】： 1.广州市水务科学研究所,广东广州510220;2.中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广东广州510275;3.中山大学地理科学与规划学院//广东省城市化与地理环境空间模拟重点实验室,广东广州510275;4.广州市防汛防旱防风总指挥部办公室,广东广州510275;5.广州市水务工程建设管理中心,广东广

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