中西文明视角下的中国特色现代化制度选择

发布时间：2018-02-22 15:13

本文关键词： 中华文明西方文明文化制度选择　出处：《山东大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：文明是一个非常宽泛的概念,文明理论也有很多。在汤因比看来,文明是指具有一定的时间与空间联系的某一群人类,文明包括政治、经济、文化的三个方面,其中文化是文明的精髓,宗教是文明形态最深厚的基础。汤因比的“文明形态史观”认为,所有文明在“挑战—应战”的模式之下都会经历起源、生长、衰落与解体的过程。本文以汤因比的文明理论作为主要的行文依据,在探讨西方文明和中华文明分别在“挑战—应战”模式下的生成与发展的基础上,以文化与制度的关系为线索,进而探讨中国现代化的制度选择问题。西方文明和中华文明在文明最初缘起之时,都深受自然环境的影响；环境给文明带来的影响也一直延续了下来。但是,文明并非只受制于环境,它的生长与发展最终取决于它对于挑战的应战能力。从古希腊文明到现代基督教文明,西方文明成功应对了无数次外在环境的挑战延续至今；而近代以来,以儒家文化为代表的中华文明在西方基督教文明的挑战面前缺乏自我更新的内部机制,难以实现从传统观念向近代观念的历史转变,继续以传统的文化心理和陈旧的思维模式来应对各种危机,最终文明走向了衰落。文明的精髓在于文化；制度是文明得以成功应对挑战的重要保证。因此,讨论文化与制度之间的关系,是本文非常重要的一个环节。文化与制度之间并非只是简单的因果关系；文化为制度的生根发芽提供了重要的土壤；制度为文化的繁荣与文明的发展创造了多元试错的条件。因此,中国现代化制度的选择,必须要处理好文化与制度之间复杂的关系,否则制度选择和制度构建将困难重重。在分析中国现代化制度选择的问题时,既要避免陷入“文化决定论”和“制度决定论”这两种决定论的窠臼,又要处理好传统文化与制度构建的问题。只有满足本土需要的文化,以及在此基础上形成的内生制度,才能够为中国文明在新时期应对新挑战时提供低成本的多元试错方式。
[Abstract]:Civilization is a very broad concept, there are a lot of civilization theory. In Toynbee's view, civilization refers to a certain time and the spatial relationship of a group of human civilization, including politics, economy, culture in three aspects, which is the essence of culture, civilization, religion is the foundation of the most profound form of Toynbee. The morphology of history "that all civilization under the" challenge response "mode will experience the origin, growth, decline and disintegration process. Based on Toynbee's theory of civilization as the main basis for this paper, based on the West Fang Wenming and the Chinese civilization in the" challenge response "formation and development mode on the relationship of culture and system as the clue, and then discuss the system selection problem. China modern western civilization and Chinese civilization in the origin of civilization first, by the natural environment. Noise; environmental impact to civilization also has lasted. However, not only subject to the civilized environment, growth and development of it ultimately depends on its ability to challenge the challenge. The ancient Greek civilization to modern Christian civilization, Western civilization to successfully deal with numerous environmental challenges in today; and since the modern times as the representative of the Confucian culture, Chinese civilization is the lack of internal mechanism of self renewal in the face of Western Christian civilization challenges, it is difficult to achieve from the traditional concept to the historical transformation of modern ideas, continue with the traditional cultural psychology and the old mode of thinking to cope with the crisis, the final civilization decline. The essence of civilization lies in the cultural system; is an important guarantee for the success of civilization to meet the challenges. Therefore, to discuss the relationship between culture and system, is a very important part of the culture and system in this paper. Between the degree is not just a simple causal relationship; culture provides an important system for soil root system; create multiple trial and error conditions for the development of cultural prosperity and civilization. Therefore, China system of modernization, we must deal with the complex relationship between culture and system, or system selection and system construction it will be difficult. In the analysis of the selection of China system of modernization problem, not only to avoid the "cultural determinism" and "institutional determinism" of these two kinds of determinism of stereotype, and deal with the traditional culture and system construction problems. Only to meet the local needs of the culture, and on the basis of the formation of endogenous the system can provide multiple China civilization trial and error process low cost in the new challenge in new period.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D61

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