中国农村公共产品供给制度变迁动力研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 20:00

  本文选题：农村公共产品　切入点：制度变迁　出处：《西南石油大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：农村公共产品的供给制度作为整个农村社会经济制度的基础和核心,其变迁在很大程度上影响和决定着农村经济发展进程。农村公共产品关于供给制度是一个历史范畴,不同的社会经济制度和不同的社会发展阶段,为了促进农村社会的发展,必然要求建立一个相对应的农村公共产品供给制度。深入研究制度变迁的动力,有助于在实践中使农村公共产品制度变迁决策更加合理化,实现公共产品供给制度变迁服务于民、服务于社会的目的,进而促进社会可持续发展。 本文试图在理论上,构建一个农村公共产品供给制度变迁动力研究基本框架,进而推动农村公共产品供给制度变迁动力理论发展；本文从马克思主义和新制度经济学两种不同角度分别界定了制度变迁动力概念和制度变迁动力结构,又从两个角度分别对制度变迁动力思想进行了深入分析；然后通过对中国改革开放之前和改革开放之后的各个历史阶段的农村公共产品供给制度进行分析,重点分析了各阶段的特点、动力和动力结构,提出了完善中国农村公共产品供给制度变迁动力机制的建议。 本文以制度变迁回顾来推导制度变迁特点、根据制度变迁特点来总结制度变迁动力并进一步归纳制度变迁动力结构,这样的研究范式,以历史为线索、以制度变迁为考量纬度、以现代国家构建为视角,将我国农村公共产品供给制度变迁动力主要分四个不同制度环境时期进行考察、分析。基于全文的分析,本文得出了以下基本结论： 建国后的农业合作时期这一“制度环境”下,在供给制度上主要体现在政府供给和村民自愿供给,造就了三种动力形式：需求动力、主体能动动力及诺斯动力,这主要是由于建国初期,农业经济占主导地位,而工业经济不发达,从而决定了可提供经济剩余的潜力有限,政府财政上的不足也决定了政府难有更大能力去整合社会资源,影响了政府举给长期不足,因此在推动制度变迁的动力主要是需求动力以及人民群众的主体能动动力。 人民公社制度是现代国家构建的产物,它冲破了家族共同体,形成“政社合一提供必需公共产品的能力以及合办社会发展必需的公共事务,而导致农村公共产品供给”的政治经济共同体,党和政府控制了一切资源。这一时期造就了三种主体动力形式：需求动力、主体能动动力及社会生产力发展动力,这主要是由于建国后至人民公社时期,社会生产力有了初步的发展,农业和工业水平有所提高,农村公共产品供给相较于以往增多,但是仍然整体不足,因此在推动制度变迁的动力主要是需求动力、主体能动动力及社会生产力发展动力。 家庭联产承包责任制促进了农村计划型的经济向市场型经济转型,资源开始社会化,“乡政村治”体现了国家与社会的分权原则。这一制度促进了供给主体多元化趋势,出现了政府供给为主、私人供给、合作供给以及第三部门供给的制度集合,这一时期造就了四种主体动力形式：需求动力、丰体能动动力、社会生产力发展动力、经济动力,这主要是由于家庭承包制时期正处于改革开放时期,国家正在从计划经济向市场经济转变,社会生产力有了快速的发展,新的社会生产关系正在形成,社会生产力的发展动力以及经济动力在推动农村公共产品供给制度变迁过程中起了重要作用,同时制度变迁也离不开人的需求动力、人的主体能动动力。 税费改革时期是在家庭联产承包责任制度体制基础上的新探索,这一时期农村公共产品供给制度进一步完善了政府供给、私人供给、合作供给以及第三部门供给,同时这一时期造就了五种主体动力形式：需求动力、社会生产力发展动力、经济动力、社会分工动力。
[Abstract]:Rural public goods supply system as the core and foundation of the social economy of the whole country system, the impact of change and determines the rural economic development process to a great extent. On the supply system of rural public products is a historical category, the different social economic system and different stages of social development, in order to promote the development of the rural society. The necessity to establish a corresponding power supply system of rural public goods. Further study of institutional change, contributes to the institutional change of rural public goods decision in practice is more reasonable, the public goods supply system changes to serve the people, serve the society, and promote the sustainable development of the society.
This paper attempts to theoretically construct a rural public goods supply system change of the basic framework, thus promoting the rural public goods supply system change theory development; from the Marx doctrine and the new institutional economics from two different angles respectively defines the concept of power system changes and institutional changes of power structure, and from the two angles of the thought change of dynamic system are analyzed; then through the various historical stages after reform and open up China before the reform and opening up in the rural public goods supply system analysis, focus on the analysis of the characteristics of each stage, power and power structure, put forward perfecting the incentive mechanism of public goods supply system China rural change proposal.
Based on the review of institutional change are the characteristics of the institution change, according to the characteristics of institutional change to sum up the driving force of institutional change and further concludes institutional change of power structure, this research paradigm, the history as the clue, to consider the institutional change in latitude, the construction of the modern country from the perspective of the China's rural public goods supply system consists of power change four different period of institutional environment investigation, analysis. Based on the full analysis, this paper draws the following basic conclusions:
This "system environment" after the founding of the agricultural cooperation period, in the supply system is mainly reflected in the government and the voluntary supply, created three kinds of forms: dynamic demand, initiative power and north power, which is mainly due to the founding of new China, agricultural economy occupies the leading position, while the industrial economy is not developed, in order to determine available economic surplus potential is limited, lack of government financial also determines the government to have a greater ability to integrate social resources, affects the government up to the long-term shortage, so the power to promote institutional change is the main power demand and people's initiative.
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本文编号：1557957