论黄宗羲对阳明学及其后学的继承与发展

发布时间：2018-03-07 01:31

本文选题：黄宗羲　切入点：阳明心学　出处：《河北大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：阳明心学在儒家思想，甚至是整个中国哲学体系占有重要的地位。以心即理为理论核心，用诚意与致良知之教完善构架。在王阳明的不屑努力下取代了程朱理学的官方哲学地位。阳明后学分为两派，并按照各自的观点不断推动着心学的进步。明末清初是社会动荡的时期，，此时的心学将进入由盛转衰的历史变革。思想家们从对社会的反思出发，重新审视阳明心学。黄宗羲正是这一时期代表人物，他被世人称其为“梨洲先生”。从发兵起义，到入清拒仕，最后潜心治学。一生地跌宕起伏的经历造就了这最后一位儒者。他著述颇丰，从哲学到政治、经济、文化、科学均有涉猎。其代表作《明儒学案》以学派之别分综理析的独特手法，更是开创了我国哲学史的新纪元。人称“王学”殿军的黄宗羲秉承其师刘宗周衣钵，对阳明心学进行了继承与发展。由理气、心性的基础出发提出了“心无本体，工夫所至即其本体”的最终观点。他的心学工夫论有效的修正了王学后学逐渐走向空寂的虚无主义道路，从而使心学适应了时代的变迁。本论文的结构安排为：引论由黄宗羲生平出发，借学术界对黄宗羲心学理论的研究现状展开，阐明研究的意义，并由此进行论文的论述。第一章追溯阳明心学及其后学的主要内容，理清心学发展轨迹，从心学的发展之路摸索黄宗羲所继承的阳明心学根源。第二章阐释黄宗羲对于阳明心学及其后学的主要态度与观点。第三章论述黄宗羲的哲学基本内容，包括理气观，心性观，及最终的工夫本体论，从其中分析他的理论之根。第四章论述黄宗羲对阳明学的发展，这种发展包括对于阳明学及其后学的修正，以及用阳明心学包容实学的意义所在。最后结语部分，笔者阐释了黄宗羲以其独到的阳明心学理念致力于经世哲学以及民主思想。这是当时的哲学之路的大势所趋，亦是社会思潮的大势所趋。
[Abstract]:Yangming philosophy plays an important role in Confucianism and even the whole Chinese philosophy system. The framework was perfected with sincerity and conscience education. The official philosophical status of Neo-Confucianism was replaced by Wang Yangming's disdainful efforts. Yangming's later learning was divided into two schools. At the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, the period of social unrest, the psychology of this time will enter from prosperity to decline of the historical change. Thinkers from the reflection of society, Reexamine Yangming's psychology. Huang Zongxi was a representative of this period. He was called "Mr. Li Zhou" by the world. From the military uprising to the refusal to serve in the Qing Dynasty, The ups and downs of his life led to the last Confucianist. He wrote a great deal, from philosophy to politics, economics, culture, The representative works of "the case of Confucianism in the Ming Dynasty" is a unique way to separate and analyze the schools of thought, which opens a new era in the history of Chinese philosophy. Huang Zongxi, who is known as the "Wang Xuejun", inherited and developed Yangming's psychology from his division Liu Zongzhou. On the basis of regulating Qi and mind, Huang Zongxi put forward "the mind has no Noumenon." His theory of heart-work effectively corrects Wang Xue's late learning to the emptiness of nihilism and makes it adapt to the changes of the times. The structure of this thesis is as follows:. The introduction starts from Huang Zongxi's life, through the academic circles to start with the research present situation of Huang Zongxi's theory of psychology, clarifies the significance of the research, and carries on the discussion of the thesis. Chapter one traces the main contents of Yangming's psychology and its later study. In the second chapter, we explain the main attitude and views on Yu Yangming's psychology and its postschool. Chapter three discusses the basic content of the philosophy of Huang Zongxi. Including the view of reason and qi, the view of mind and nature, and the ultimate theory of time ontology, from which to analyze the root of his theory. Chapter 4th discusses Huang Zongxi's development of the study of Yangming, which includes the revision of Yu Yangming's study and its post-study. Finally, in the conclusion part, the author explains that Huang Zongxi devoted himself to the philosophy of the world and democracy with his unique philosophy of Yangmingxin. This is the general trend of philosophy at that time. Also is the general trend of social trend of thought.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B249.3

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