法文化差异影响下法律术语翻译的功能对等探索

发布时间：2018-04-02 03:32

本文选题：法律术语　切入点：法文化差异　出处：《西南政法大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着中国快速的经济增长和不断上升的国际地位,我国大量的法律文件已被翻译成外文。同时,为了更顺利地在国际社会中参与政治、经济活动,我们已经加快了向国外学习的步伐。我们不可避免地要学习别国的立法经验,尤其是英语国家的立法经验,这要求对其相关法律文件的翻译。由于法律术语包含在这些法律材料中,那么在进行法律翻译时也会涉及到对法律术语的翻译。由于法律术语是法律语言的一个基本成分,其翻译的好坏将会决定整个法律文本的翻译质量。然而,由于源语和译语文化(尤其是法律文化)的不同,译者很难在译语中找到确切对等词。因此,翻译法律术语翻译变得十分困难和棘手。本文力图从功能对等途径探讨法律文化差异影响下的法律术语翻译。笔者首先介绍法律文化这一概念,包括它的定义、结构和特征。笔者接着再介绍法律术语的定义、来源以及特征的基础上分析了法律术语翻译的现状以及存在的问题。通过分析笔者发现法律术语翻译存在诸如望文生义、找不到对等词以及盲目直译等问题。而法律文化的差异则是造成这些问题的重要原因之一。笔者接着从法律制度、民族文化和思维模式三个层面分析法律文化差异对法律术语翻译的影响。在理论层面上作者学习了奈达的功能对等理论和萨尔耶维奇的功能对等观点。二者都强调翻译意味着交际,翻译要强调效果。萨尔耶维奇还针对法律翻译的需要对功能对等的程度作了更加细致的划分:接近对等、部分对等、不对等。基于萨尔耶维奇的分类,以Cao的相关理论为补充,并以陈忠诚的经典例证为语料,笔者从四个方面分析了法律术语的翻译方法:概念对等时可以进行直译;接近对等时可以找出功能对等词;部分对等时可以进行词义扩展;不对等时可以释义、使用中性词、借词和创造新词。无论采取何种法律方法,其目的都是为了能在目的语法律文化中找出相对应的词以便译语读者能得到和源语读者相同的信息。
[Abstract]:With the China rapid economic growth and rising international status, China's large number of legal documents have been translated into foreign languages. At the same time, in order to successfully participate in politics, in the international community in economic activities, we have to accelerate the pace of learning from abroad. We will learn the legislative experience of other countries, especially the legislation experience in English speaking countries, the requirements of the relevant legal documents translation. Because the legal terms contained in these legal materials, so in the legal translation will be involved in the translation of legal terminology. Because the legal terminology is a basic component of legal language, the translation quality will determine the quality of the whole legal translation the text. However, because of the source language and the target language culture (especially legal culture) is different, it is difficult for translators to find the exact equivalents in the target language. Therefore, the translation of legal terminology translation becomes It is very difficult and difficult. This paper tries to explore the translation of legal terms under the influence of legal cultural differences from the functional equivalence approach. The author first introduces the concept of legal culture, including its definition, structure and characteristics. The author then introduces the definition of legal terms, based on the characteristics of the source and the analysis of the current situation and existing legal terminology translation the problem. Through the analysis the author found that the translation of legal terminology such as the words too literally, can not find the words, such as literal translation and blind problem. Different legal culture is one of the important reasons for these problems. Then the author from the legal system, analysis of the impact of legal cultural differences on the translation of legal terminology of the three aspects of national culture and mode of thinking at the theoretical level. The author studied Nida's functional equivalence theory and Sal Ossip's theory of functional equivalence view. All two emphasizes that translation means A communication, translation should emphasize the effect. Sal Ossip is also necessary for the legal translation of functional equivalence degree were divided more detailed: near equivalence, partial equivalence, non equivalence. Sal Ossip's classification based on theories related to Cao is added, and with the classic example of Chen Zhong Cheng as the corpus, the author analyzes the translation the method of legal terms from four aspects: the concept of equivalence can be literal translation; functional equivalence can be found near equivalence partial equivalence words; can not be the meaning extension; definitions, use neutral words, Loanwords and creating new words. Whatever the legal method, its purpose is to target in law find out the word culture to the target readers and the source language readers can get the same information.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H315.9

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