天津市南开区社会救助公平化的治理变革研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 14:35

本文选题：社会救助　切入点：公平化　出处：《天津师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国政治经济在近年来得到了很大的发展,带来了消费水平的进一步提高,但居民的工资水平却没有得到同步的上升。因此,社会公民由于各方面的原因依旧处于贫困线之下,生活依赖于社会的救助。中国多年的社会救助改革始终处于零散保障阶段,近年来才随着开始了由零散保障向系统保障的迈进,但是公平性依旧得不到保障。究其根源,政府的管理模式没有由管理向治理转化是主要原因,以及社会救助过程中的社会组织自身的作用没有得到有效发挥也是制约社会救助发展的关键。在现代社会,人民对社会救助公平化问题的关注度越来越高,但是到目前为止,却很少有学者在这方面进行深入研究。在不同地区的社会救助中不公平问题仍普遍存在,不同程度上影响了社会救助功能的发挥。造成社会救助公平性受损的原因有很多,其中影响最大的是政府与社会组织合作机制的缺失。也就是说,要实现公平救助,探究影响社会救助公平化的深层次原因,必然离不开对政府与社会组织关系的分析。本文正是在此基础上,从现行社会救助的公平性分析入手,指出影响社会救助公平的问题主要是救助范围局限、救助形式单一、救助审查不严、缺乏监管以及救助对象中边缘用户难以区分等,同时就管理和治理的区别以及由管理向治理转变的重要性这一问题进行了深入研究。基于天津市南开区的实际情况,结合英美日等先进国家的管理经验和国内经济发达地区的改革经验,从政府单一管理模式,职能部门、工作人员协作性不足、社会组织的培育与作用发挥力度不足、救助客体“支出型贫困”缺口大、困难群体过于依赖社会救助、救助形式缺乏主动性等不同角度对这些问题的原因进行了思考。最后根据相关文献和国家改革的建议和意见,分析出社会救助公平化的重点在于推进政府由管理向治理的转变,具体要做到厘清社会救助相关各方的权利责任关系,加强和改进政府社会救助服务能力以及在救助过程中推进多元化主体的相互配合,从而为解决南开区乃至于国家的社会救助活动中存在的影响公平的问题和进行改革的实践提供参考性建议。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the political economy of our country has been greatly developed, which has brought about the further improvement of the consumption level, but the salary level of the residents has not been rising synchronously.Therefore, social citizens are still below the poverty line for various reasons, and life depends on social assistance.The reform of social assistance in China for many years has always been in the stage of piecemeal security. In recent years, with the beginning of the transition from scattered security to system security, the fairness is still not guaranteed.The main reason is that the government management mode has not been transformed from management to governance, and the role of social organizations in the process of social assistance has not been effectively brought into play, which is also the key to restrict the development of social assistance.In modern society, people pay more and more attention to the fairness of social assistance, but so far, few scholars have carried out in-depth research in this area.The unfair problem still exists in different areas, which affects the function of social assistance.There are many reasons why the fairness of social assistance is damaged, among which the most important one is the lack of cooperation mechanism between government and social organizations.In other words, in order to realize fair aid and explore the deep reasons that affect the fairness of social assistance, it is necessary to analyze the relationship between the government and social organizations.Based on the analysis of the fairness of social assistance, this paper points out that the main problems affecting the fairness of social assistance are the limitation of the scope of assistance, the single form of assistance, and the lack of strict review of aid.The lack of supervision and the difficulty of distinguishing the marginal users in the object of rescue and so on. At the same time, the difference between management and governance and the importance of the transition from management to governance are studied in depth.Based on the actual situation in Nankai District of Tianjin, combined with the management experience of advanced countries, such as Britain, America and Japan, and the reform experience of economically developed areas in China, from the single government management model, the lack of coordination among functional departments and staff,The causes of these problems are considered from different angles, such as the insufficient cultivation and function of social organizations, the large gap of "expenditure type poverty", the dependence of social assistance on social assistance and the lack of initiative in the form of relief.Finally, according to the relevant literature and the suggestions and opinions of the national reform, it is analyzed that the emphasis of social assistance equity is to promote the transformation of the government from management to governance, specifically to clarify the rights and responsibilities of the parties involved in social assistance.To strengthen and improve the capacity of government social assistance service and to promote the cooperation of multiple subjects in the process of relief,Thus, some suggestions are provided for solving the problems affecting equity and the practice of reform in Nankai District and even in the national social assistance activities.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D632.1

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