新时期以来文学批评中的人性价值观研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 05:20

本文选题：新时期 + 文学批评　；参考：《沈阳师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：人性话语从复苏走向高涨，是新时期以来文学批评的鲜明特色之一，也是其繁荣与发展的动因。文学批评中的人性话语走向高涨，与新时期以来我国的政治、经济、文化的发展密切相关。本文对新时期以来以人性描写为价值取向的文学批评进行研究、阐发和总结，以期有利于当代文学批评的研究和创作实践的发展。文章的主要内容分为以下几个部分：第一章：分析了人性话语在新时期文学批评中的复苏与高涨。文学批评在新时期恢复人性话语权，显示出热烈的氛围并呈现高涨之势。批评的这种状态是由三方面因素促成的：一是“拨乱反正”运动以及第四届全代会的召开为文学的自由发展开辟了道路；二是西方现代人学观念为新时期文学批评人性话语带来新的思想资源；三是以人性为主题的文学作品大量涌现，为批评中的人性话语提供了品评的资源。第二章：新时期文学批评从不同角度审视文学的人性描写，表现出鲜明的价值取向。本章对批评人性价值观的具体表现予以研究。一是肯定文学揭示人性的异化。“伤痕”、“反思”对“文革”造成人的异化进行了深刻的揭露，上世纪90年代转型期社会对人的人格造成了异化。文学批评立足于中国的社会历史现状对这些描写做出理论发言。二是肯定文学对人性深广度的刻画。新时期的文学对人性的描写不止于真善美、假恶丑的刻画，，还向人性的暴虐、残忍等心理进行描摹。文学批评对这一现象作社会、历史分析。三是否定文学对人性描写的抽象化。表现在对人性描写脱离历史现实的批判以及单纯表现性、欲等人性自然性的批判。第三章：新时期，以人性描写为价值取向的文学批评的产生有着丰富的思想资源。本章对文学批评中人性价值取向的思想资源进行归纳、总结。一是新时期的文学批评接续了“五四”时期倡导的“人的文学”思想并从多角度审视文学中的人性描写。二是五六十年代巴人、钱谷融等的人性思想是文学批评人性价值观重要的思想资源。三是马克思主义文学理论中的人学思想是新时期文学批评人性价值观的主要依据。第四章：主要论述了新时期以来文学批评人性价值观的意义。其意义主要表现在对人性观念的影响和对文学创作的影响两个方面。新时期以来，文学批评拓展与深化人性观并对文学创作给予了积极的关注，为创作指明了前进的方向。
[Abstract]:It is one of the distinctive features of literary criticism in the new period that the discourse of human nature moves from recovery to upsurge, and it is also the cause of its prosperity and development.The rise of human discourse in literary criticism is closely related to the development of politics, economy and culture in China since the new period.This paper studies, explains and summarizes the literary criticism with the description of human nature as its value orientation since the new period, in the hope that it will be beneficial to the development of the research and creative practice of contemporary literary criticism.The main content of the article is divided into the following parts:The first chapter analyzes the revival and upsurge of human nature discourse in the new period of literary criticism.Literary criticism in the new period to restore the right to speak of human nature, showing a warm atmosphere and showing a rising trend.This state of criticism is promoted by three factors: first, the movement of "setting things right" and the convening of the fourth whole Generation Conference opened the way for the free development of literature;The second is that the western modern ideas bring new thought resources to the literary criticism of human nature in the new period, and the third is the emergence of a large number of literary works with the theme of human nature, which provides the resources for the evaluation of the human nature discourse in the criticism.Chapter two: literary criticism in the new period examines the description of human nature from different angles and shows a distinct value orientation.This chapter studies the concrete performance of criticizing human values.First, positive literature reveals the alienation of human nature."scar" and "introspection" have deeply exposed the alienation caused by the Cultural Revolution, and the social transformation in the 1990s has caused alienation to human personality.Literary criticism is based on the social and historical situation of China.Second, affirmation literature depicts the depth and breadth of human nature.The description of human nature in the literature of the new period is not only true, good and beautiful, false evil and ugly, but also depicts the tyranny and cruelty of human nature.Literary criticism makes a social and historical analysis of this phenomenon.The third is to negate the abstract of the description of human nature in literature.It is manifested in the criticism of the description of human nature from the historical reality, and the criticism of the nature of human nature, such as pure expressiveness and desire.Chapter three: in the new period, literary criticism with the description of human nature as its value orientation has abundant ideological resources.This chapter summarizes the ideological resources of the value orientation of human nature in literary criticism.First, the literary criticism of the new period followed the thought of "human literature" advocated during the May 4th Movement and examined the description of human nature in literature from various angles.Second, the thought of human nature of Ba people and Qian Gurong in 1950's and 1960's is an important ideological resource for literary criticism of human values.Third, the humanistic thought in Marxist literary theory is the main basis for literary criticism of human values in the new period.Chapter IV: mainly discusses the significance of literary criticism of human values since the new period.Its significance is mainly manifested in two aspects: the influence on the concept of human nature and the influence on literary creation.Since the new period, literary criticism has expanded and deepened the concept of human nature and paid active attention to literary creation, pointing out the way forward for creation.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I206.7

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