延安时期通讯员队伍建设的历史语境与现实启示研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 19:22

本文选题：延安时期 + 通讯员队伍　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：1935年至1948年,中国共产党在延安建立了较为稳固的政权,新闻事业也得到了比较充分的发展。在这期间,陕甘宁边区共出版了报刊杂志近百种。新闻通讯事业的发展离不开专业的新闻工作者,更离不开广大的通讯员积极参与。20世纪三四十年代陕甘宁边区经济落后,信息、交通闭塞,人民群众文化水平相对较低等历史条件在客观上制约了中国共产党利用新闻媒介宣传方针政策和团结广大民众。然而,由广大通讯员建立起来的信息传播网络在其中具有不可替代的地位和作用。延安时期的通讯员队伍普遍拥有一定的文化水平和相对广泛的人际关系网络,能给记者的采访写作和编辑的工作提供较大的帮助。同时,广泛的通讯员积极写稿,缓解了报社专业新闻从业人员不足问题,也保证了新闻工作深入群众生活,扩大了延安时期《解放日报》《边区群众报》等各种出版物的稿源,是报纸重要的新闻来源。延安时期通讯员队伍的建设是新闻通讯员队伍建设的成功典范,本文从延安时期的历史语境出发,结合当时的政治、经济、文化、交通等方面进行分析,考证当时通讯员队伍建设的必要性、分析通讯员队伍结构状况、通讯员工作任务分析、编辑部维护与通讯员关系等历史经验。延安时期通讯员承担着提供新闻线索、采写新闻稿件,组织读报社等工作任务,同时,编辑部努力维护与通讯员的关系,有明确的稿费制度和奖励优待政策。除此之外,编辑部注重通讯员业务素质的培训,例如召开通讯员座谈会、在报刊上阐释新闻基本概念和新闻写作技巧、创办《通讯》和《大众习作》刊物指导通讯员写作、提前告知通讯员报道重点并及时回馈通讯员稿件问题。运用文献分析法分析得出延安时期通讯员队伍建设的具体经验。延安时期通讯员队伍建设促进了20世纪40年代陕甘宁边区新闻事业的发展,践行了“全党办报,群众办报”思想。同样,当时通讯员建设的历史经验对当下仍有现实启示。对当代媒体发展和现代大型企业的宣传通讯工作也有一定的借鉴意义。新闻单位“走基层、转作风、改文风”活动继续深入开展和“教育群众路线”的进一步贯彻,要求新闻媒体必须深入基层、深入群众,写出人民真实的生活状态,写出人民喜闻乐见的新闻,各级党报电视台和各类都市类媒体等新闻机构可以在“深入群众”中借鉴延安时期通讯员队伍建设的经验。在新媒体环境下,每一个群众都是潜在的“爆料人”,在媒体加强联系和刻意培养下,有可能变成热爱新闻、主动提供新闻线索或主动写稿、对特定媒体有较高热爱度和忠诚度的通讯员。所以,媒体仍有必要借鉴延安时期通讯员队伍建设的经验,组织壮大自己的通讯员队伍。
[Abstract]:From 1935 to 1948, the Communist Party of China established a relatively stable regime in Yan'an, and the news industry also got a relatively full development. During this period, the Shaanxi-Kansu-Ningxia Border region published a total of nearly 100 newspapers and magazines. The development of the news and communications industry cannot be separated from professional journalists, but also from the active participation of the vast number of correspondents in the economic backwardness, information and traffic blockage of the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region in the 1930s and 40s of the 20th century. Historical conditions such as the relatively low level of the people's culture have objectively restricted the CPC's use of the news media to propagate the principles and policies and to unite the masses of the people. However, the information communication network established by the vast number of correspondents plays an irreplaceable role in it. The correspondents of Yan'an period generally have a certain level of education and a relatively wide network of interpersonal relations, which can provide great help to reporters in the work of interview, writing and editing. At the same time, extensive correspondents actively wrote manuscripts, alleviating the shortage of professional journalists in newspapers, ensuring that news work went deep into the life of the masses, and expanding the sources of manuscripts for various publications, such as the "Liberation Daily" and "Border area Mass News" during the Yan'an period. It is an important source of news for newspapers. The construction of correspondents in Yan'an period is a successful example of the construction of news correspondents. From the historical context of Yan'an period, this paper analyzes the political, economic, cultural and transportation aspects of the period. This paper examines the necessity of the construction of the correspondents at that time, analyzes the structure of the correspondents, the task analysis of the correspondents, the relationship between the editorial department and the correspondents, and so on. During the Yan'an period, the correspondents undertook the tasks of providing news clues, collecting and writing news articles, organizing the reading of newspapers, etc. At the same time, the editorial department worked hard to maintain the relationship with the correspondents, and had a clear system of payment for manuscripts and preferential treatment policies. In addition, the editorial department pays attention to the training of correspondents' professional qualities, such as convening seminars for correspondents, explaining the basic concepts of news and news writing skills in the newspapers and periodicals, and establishing "Communications" and "popular exercises" publications to guide correspondents to write. Inform correspondents in advance of the key points of the report and give timely feedback to the correspondents. Through the analysis of literature analysis, the concrete experience of the construction of correspondents in Yan'an period is obtained. The construction of correspondents in Yan'an period promoted the development of journalism in Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border region in the 1940s, and carried out the thought of "running newspapers by the whole Party and running newspapers by the masses". Similarly, the historical experience of the construction of correspondents at that time still has realistic enlightenment to the present. For the development of contemporary media and modern large-scale enterprises of propaganda and communication work also has certain reference significance. The activities of news units to "take the grassroots, change their style of work, and change their style of writing" continue to be carried out in depth and further carry out the "mass education line," which requires the news media to go deep into the grassroots, to go deep into the masses, and to write down the real living conditions of the people. Write down the news that the people like to see. Party newspapers, television stations at all levels and various urban media and other news organizations can learn from the experience of the construction of correspondents in Yan'an period in "going deep into the masses." In the new media environment, every mass is a potential "whistleblower." with the media to strengthen its contacts and deliberately cultivate, it may become a love of news, offer news clues or take the initiative to write articles. Correspondents who have a high degree of love and loyalty to specific media. Therefore, it is necessary for the media to draw lessons from the experience of the construction of correspondents in Yan'an period and to organize and strengthen their own correspondents.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G219.29

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