汉代玉蝉文化研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 09:40

本文选题：玉蝉 + 玉文化　；参考：《中国地质大学（北京）》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：玉蝉是一种蝉形的玉饰，在我国古代多被用作丧葬玉器以及随身配饰使用。最早被发现使用于新石器时代晚期，在两汉时期达到鼎盛，时至今日仍有一些蝉形玉饰流传于市面。目前已出土的玉蝉文物主要集中在两汉墓葬，其他朝代尚不多见。本文主要以汉代玉蝉为研究对象，通过分析文献古籍以及对比出土实物对汉代玉蝉文化的发展传承、地域特征以及汉代丧葬礼制进行研究。本次研究在充分查阅了大量前人文献资料及相关出土玉蝉的汉代墓葬发掘报告的基础上，，结合具体实物照片对汉代玉蝉文化进行了深入地研究。首先通过阐述自新石器时代晚期开始一直到明清阶段各个时期玉蝉的材质、形制、纹饰、琢工、用途等方面，探寻玉蝉的发展演变规律及导致这种演变的原因。其后单独将两汉时期的玉蝉按照形制分类，并按照西汉早期、西汉中后期、西汉晚期到新莽时期、东汉时期四个阶段分别论述，每个阶段选择了具有代表性的不同地域出土的实物进行比对，不仅总结出每个阶段的玉蝉的特征，也对通过不同地域的玉蝉进行比对，进而总结出其地域特征及影响因素。再次通过对于“蝉”意本身的探讨、含政治经济因素和思想文化信仰两方面在内的汉代历史文化对其的影响、汉代丧葬制度对玉蝉文化的影响等三方面来论述其文化内涵和传承寓意。最后通过一些现代设计作品及笔者本人的设计来论述汉代玉蝉文化对现代首饰设计在材质、造型、工艺、用途、传承寓意和文化内涵等几个方面的影响。玉蝉文化的深入研究，可以使我们更加充分的了解到在汉代这一中国古代玉器发展的高峰阶段玉蝉文化发展及演变的过程，进而使得我们可以从一个独特的视角对于汉代的玉文化有了更为深刻的认知和理解。玉蝉文化作为盛行“厚葬之风”的汉代丧葬文化的一个重要的组成部分，对其深入的研究也可以使我们对于汉代的丧葬制度甚至典仪制度及文化有进一步的了解。
[Abstract]:Jade cicada is a cicada-shaped jade ornaments, used as funeral jade and accessories in ancient China. It was first found in the late Neolithic period, reached its peak in the Han Dynasty, and still has some cicada jade ornaments in the market. Currently unearthed jade cicada cultural relics mainly concentrated in the Han Dynasty tombs, other dynasties are rare. This article mainly takes the Han Dynasty jade cicada as the research object, through the analysis literature ancient book and the contrast unearthed material object to the Han Dynasty jade cicada culture development inheritance, the region characteristic as well as the Han Dynasty funeral ceremony system carries on the research. On the basis of referring to a large number of previous documents and related excavations of jade cicadas in the Han Dynasty, this study made an in-depth study on the culture of jade cicadas in the Han Dynasty in combination with concrete physical photographs. First of all, through the elaboration of the materials, shapes, ornaments, ornament, chisels and uses of the jade cicadas from the late Neolithic Age to the Ming and Qing dynasties, the development and evolution of the jade cicadas and the reasons leading to the evolution were explored. Then the jade cicadas in the Han Dynasty were classified according to their shapes, and discussed separately according to the four stages of the early Western Han Dynasty, the middle and late Western Han dynasties, the late Western Han Dynasty to the New Mang period, and the Eastern Han Dynasty period. In each stage, the objects unearthed from different representative regions were selected for comparison, which not only summed up the characteristics of the jade cicadas in each stage, but also compared the jade cicadas in different regions, and then summed up the regional characteristics and influencing factors of the cicadas. Again, through the discussion of the meaning of "cicada" itself, the historical and cultural influences of the Han Dynasty, including political and economic factors and ideological and cultural beliefs, The influence of funeral system on jade cicada culture in Han Dynasty is discussed in three aspects. Finally, through some modern design works and the author's own design to discuss the Han Dynasty jade cicada culture on the modern jewelry design in the material, modeling, technology, use, inheritance and cultural connotations and other aspects of the impact. The in-depth study of jade cicada culture can make us fully understand the process of the development and evolution of jade cicada culture in the Han Dynasty, the peak stage of the development of jade articles in ancient China. Therefore, we can have a more profound cognition and understanding of the jade culture in Han Dynasty from a unique perspective. The culture of jade cicada is an important part of the funeral culture of Han Dynasty, which is popular "the wind of thick burial". The deep research on it can also make us know more about the funeral system of Han Dynasty and even the system and culture of canonical ceremony.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学（北京）
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K876.8;K234

【参考文献】