新疆少数民族高考优惠政策价值取向的实证研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 23:17

本文选题：新疆少数民族 + 高考优惠政策　；参考：《石河子大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：自1950年国家首次对民族考生在高考录取期间提出“照顾录取”这一政策以来，至今对于少数民族高考优惠政策已经经历了近60多年的历程。期间由于政治、经济等原因，该政策也不断趋于完善。本文以新疆少数民族高考优惠政策价值取向为研究对象，选取1950年至今的政策文本，深入分析新疆少数民族高考优惠政策的演变，结合社会背景阐述隐藏在政策演变背后的价值选择以及价值取向的变迁及其原因，并通过来自社会公众不同的意见对现阶段该政策价值取向进行剖析，最后分析未来该政策的价值定位，以及未来新疆少数民族高考优惠政策价值取向的构想。从文本梳理来看，不同时期出台的新疆少数民族高考优惠政策都是为了保证当时的培养少数民族人才以满足社会经济的发展，有浓重的时代背景烙印。从新疆少数民族高考优惠政策的发展及其时代背景出发，，我们可把该政策的演变划分为四个阶段：新中国建立初期（1949-1965）；“文化大革命”（1966-1976）；恢复高考阶段（1977-1998）；全面发展阶段（1999至今）。通过文本梳理分析发现该政策的价值选择始终秉持对弱势群体的补偿以及对新疆少数民族受高等教育权的保障。研究表明，新疆少数民族高考优惠政策价值取向的变迁主要从注重社会需求向注重个人需求的转变、从注重效率优先到兼顾教育公平的转变。而新疆少数民族高考优惠政策价值取向考虑的因素不是单方面的，而是基于多方面因素的考虑。在以往的教育政策分析研究中，国家政治、经济的需要往往处于一枝独秀的地位，而对于人们的需求和价值倾向缺乏应有的重视和研究，形成了忽视公众参与的单向度教育政策研究模式。在利益多元化的今天，面对越来越多的新问题，人们的价值追求也必然呈现多元化的形态。本文通过支持联盟框架理论对新疆少数民族高考优惠政策进行逻辑分析，从中发现两个联盟拥有共同的深层核心信仰，既受高等教育权利的问题，而表层信仰则是教育公平与效率的问题。通过与多名新疆少数民族高考优惠政策的支持者与反对者进行访谈。研究发现支持者们对于新疆少数民族高考优惠政策价值取向呈现积极鼓励的态度认为该政策应该继续实施下去，他们对该政策价值取向的合理性、少数民族高考成绩的提高、边疆农牧区政策照顾以及单科成绩限制所取得的成绩给予了高度的肯定。而反对者们的意见则主要凸显为：逆歧视化、高考移民、假民族身份以及惰性心理滋生等方面。通过对新疆少数民族高考优惠政策的历史文本梳理、价值取向变化分析以及现阶段人们对于该政策的价值诉求分析，反思新疆少数民族高考优惠政策，最大的问题便是该政策的价值定位模糊。那么未来新疆少数民族高考优惠政策要改革完善，首先需要解决的问题是该政策的价值定位问题。而新疆少数民族高考优惠政策最基本的价值定位就是满足少数民族学生的需要。所以说，在未来的社会条件下，新疆少数民族高考优惠政策价值取向应逐渐追求向“和而不同”的理念、“多元化”的标准、“回应机制”的创建以及“保障机制”的完善等方面靠拢，进而促进新疆少数民族高等教育和谐有序、公平公正的发展。
[Abstract]:Since the state first proposed the policy of "taking care" for national candidates for the first time in the college entrance examination in 1950, the preferential policies for national minorities have gone through the course of nearly 60 years. The policy has been constantly improved because of political and economic reasons. This article takes the preferential policy of the national minority national entrance examination in Xinjiang to take the preferential policy. To be the research object, we select the policy text from 1950 to the present, analyze the evolution of the preferential policy of the national minority nationality entrance examination in Xinjiang, and explain the value choice behind the policy evolution and the changes and reasons of the value orientation, which are hidden in the social background, and carry out the current policy value orientation through different opinions from the public. Finally, it analyzes the future value orientation of the policy and the future value orientation of Xinjiang minority college entrance examination preferential policy.
From the point of view of the text, the preferential policies for national minorities in Xinjiang are introduced in different periods in order to ensure the training of ethnic minority talents at that time in order to meet the social and economic development and have a strong background brand. From the development of the preferential policies for national minorities in Xinjiang and the background of their time generation, we can make the evolution of this policy. It is divided into four stages: the early period of the founding of new China (1949-1965); the "Cultural Revolution" (1966-1976); the resumption of the stage of college entrance examination (1977-1998); the comprehensive development stage (1999 today). Through a text analysis, it is found that the value selection of the policy always holds the compensation for the disadvantaged and the protection of the higher education rights of the minority nationalities in Xinjiang. The study shows that the change of the preferential policy value orientation of the national minorities in Xinjiang is mainly from paying attention to the social demand to pay attention to the individual needs, and from paying attention to efficiency to give consideration to the change of education equity. And the factors of consideration of the preferential policy value orientation of the national minority nationality entrance examination in Xinjiang are not unilateral, but are based on the multifaceted factors. Worry.
In the previous study of educational policy analysis, the national political and economic needs are often in a unique position, and the lack of due attention and Research on people's needs and values has formed a one-way education policy research mode that ignores public participation. In the present situation of diversification of interests, more and more new problems are faced. Through the support of the framework theory of the alliance, this paper makes a logical analysis of the preferential policies of the national minorities in Xinjiang, and finds that the two alliances have a common deep core belief, which is not only the problem of the right of higher education, but the surface belief is the problem of educational fairness and efficiency. A number of supporters and opponents of the preferential policies for national minority national college entrance examination in Xinjiang have been interviewed. The study found that supporters have actively encouraged the value orientation of the preferential policies for national minorities in Xinjiang. They think the policy should continue to be carried out, their value of the policy is reasonable, and the achievement of national minorities' national college entrance examination is raised. The achievements of the policy care in agricultural and pastoral areas in the border areas and the limits of the performance of the single department have been highly affirmed, while the opinions of the opponents are mainly highlighted by the adverse discrimination, the immigration of the college entrance examination, the identity of the false ethnic groups and the indolent psychological development.
Through the historical text of the preferential policy of the national minorities in Xinjiang, the analysis of the change of value orientation and the analysis of the value appeal of the policy at the present stage, rethinking the preferential policy of the national minorities in Xinjiang, the biggest problem is the ambiguity of the value orientation of the policy. Then, in the future, the preferential policy of the college entrance examination for ethnic minorities in Xinjiang should be changed The first thing to solve is the value orientation of the policy, and the most basic value orientation of the preferential policy of the national minority national entrance examination in Xinjiang is to meet the needs of the minority students. Therefore, in the future social conditions, the value orientation of the preferential policy for the national minorities in Xinjiang should be gradually pursued to "harmony and different". The concept, the "pluralism" standard, the creation of the "response mechanism" and the improvement of the "guarantee mechanism" are close, which will promote the harmonious and orderly development of the higher education of ethnic minorities in Xinjiang.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G639.2

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