微博舆论中公众情绪表达研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 01:51

  本文选题：微博舆论 + 公众情绪　； 参考：《武汉大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：相较传统传媒时代的舆论,微博舆论表现出不同的特点,其中重要而又具有现实影响的是公众情绪表达的强烈彰显。论文以心理学研究为主要取向,关注微博舆论中的公众情绪因素。研究主要从四个方面展开,首先关注微博舆论与公众情绪的内涵；其次分析微博舆论中公众情绪的表达；第三个方面主要从社会学视角分析微博舆论中的公众情绪表达；最后,对微博舆论中公众情绪表达负面效应的疏导提出建议。 通过研究发现,随着互联网的不断发展,特别是微博的异军突起,舆论生态已经发生重要变化。研究认为,微博舆论具有结构性公众叙事、微文本生产方式、冲突化表现形式、弱联系网络结构等特征,而其具有的公、私双重叙事特征,使微博舆论超越了哈贝马斯曾构建的公共领域内涵。考察微博舆论中公众情绪存在的基础时发现,群体认同的变迁,特别是微博时代群体认同的特点对公众情绪的形成有重要影响。在宏观层面,社会变迁、文化转向、新技术发展为微博公众情绪的产生奠定了基础；微观层面,个体的角色、地位等也影响着微博舆论中公众情绪的产生。 微博舆论中公众情绪的表达有着广泛的社会背景和政治经济学含义,情感政治作为理论基础为微博舆论研究提供了很好的工具。梳理情感政治的知识谱系可以发现,情感具有比理性更大的先天优势。如果把情绪放在政治学的范畴中考察可以发现,情绪其实是上层建筑的一部分,它超越了传统的“社情民意”的认知,成为政治统治的一部分。公众情绪对微博舆论的影响,有两个方向,一是自上而下的影响,一是自下而上的影响；其主要表现为微博舆论中社会动员和情绪的社会抗争两种典型的方式。研究以具体案例为切入点,考察了微博舆论中情绪作为社会动员的方式,其主要策略是示弱与愤怒、悲愤等。研究在梳理集体行为和情感抗争的基础上,发现建构情绪的传播框架,主要包括传播路径为话语共意、身份共意、情感共意；功能分析则包括标注功能、归因功能和表意功能三个方面。 通过对微博舆论的研究发现,微博舆论中公众情绪产生的土壤包括网络社会的崛起、大众传播模式的变迁以及中心话语权的消解。微博舆论中公众情绪表达的构成要素主要有共同利益群体的形成、不断得到传播的公众议题以及相对自由的网络空间。从公众情绪的倾向上,微博舆论中表现出批判主义、民粹主义、民族主义、实用主义、爱国公正等。而微博舆论中公众情绪的社会表现则包括沉默的螺旋现象、蝴蝶效应、羊群效应、怨恨心理等。从心理学层面来看,微博舆论中的公众情绪表现为恐惧、焦虑、愤怒、悲伤等,而在表达方式上,公众则通过直接表达、民间语文等方式予以表情达意。 微博舆论中公众情绪的表达对社会产生一定的影响。从表达功能来看,微博舆论中公众情绪表达反映了个人的生存状态,影响人的社会化,对群体有规范作用。同时,微博情绪也有信息功能、沟通功能、舆论监督功能和增加社会融合功能。微博舆论中公众情绪表达导致两个方面的影响：正面影响包括公众的社会参与,有利于上下通达以及公民意识的建构和社会风清气正等。微博公众情绪表达的负面效应则表现为：微博舆论的引爆点低,虚假信息较多,容易扰乱舆论生态；网络非理性言论较多,容易引起舆论暴力；网民容易被简单化思维所主导,以简单的方式处理复杂的社会问题；以舆论审判代替司法审判,干预司法公正；网络水军干扰巨大,舆论持续的时间短。微博舆论中公众情绪表达产生偏差的原因包括社会转型、把关人的缺失、微博信息的碎片化肤浅化、片面的追求关注度等。微博舆论中公众情绪的表达还对政治、经济、媒介和公众产生影响,它可能对政策、权力结构、经济发展、媒介议程设置、公众心理等产生作用。 微博舆论中负面情绪的社会效应的应对是本研究的落脚点。论文认为,微博舆论中负面情绪的社会效应有其产生的路径和研判的标准,需对负面情绪的社会效应予以应对。在应对过程中应遵循第一时间、多元意见空间营造、亲和力和以我为中心的原则,加强服务型政府建设,建立立体式传播格局,建立监测、预警、反馈机制等。
[Abstract]:Compared with the public opinion in the traditional media era, the public opinion of micro-blog shows different characteristics. The important and realistic influence is the strong expression of public sentiment. The thesis takes psychological research as the main orientation and pays attention to the public emotional factors in the public opinion of micro-blog. The research is mainly carried out from four aspects, first of all, it pays attention to the public opinion and the public of micro-blog. The connotation of emotion; secondly to analyze the expression of public sentiment in the public opinion of micro-blog; the third aspects mainly analyze the expression of public sentiment in the public opinion of micro-blog from the perspective of sociology; finally, it puts forward some suggestions on the negative effect of the expression of public sentiment in the public opinion of micro-blog.
Through the research, it is found that with the continuous development of the Internet, especially the emergence of micro-blog, the ecology of public opinion has undergone important changes. It is believed that the public opinion of micro-blog has the characteristics of structural public narration, micro text production, conflict expression and weak link network structure, and its public and private dual narrative features make micro-blog public opinion On the basis of the public domain that Habermas had built. When examining the foundation of the public sentiment in the micro-blog public opinion, it is found that the changes in group identity, especially the characteristics of the group identity in the micro-blog era, have an important influence on the formation of public sentiment. In the macro level, the social change, the cultural turn, and the development of the new technology to the public sentiment of micro-blog. Production has laid the foundation; at the micro level, the role and status of individuals also affect the emergence of public sentiment in micro-blog public opinion.
The expression of public sentiment in the public opinion of micro-blog has broad social background and political economic meaning. Emotional politics as a theoretical basis provides a good tool for the research of public opinion of micro-blog. It can be found that emotion is a part of the superstructure, which transcends the cognition of the traditional "social sentiment and public opinion" and becomes part of the political rule. The influence of public sentiment on the public opinion of micro-blog has two directions, one is the top-down influence and the other is from bottom to top; the main performance is the social mobilization and sentiment in the micro-blog public opinion. There are two typical ways of social resistance. The study takes the specific case as the breakthrough point and examines the mood of the micro-blog public opinion as a way of social mobilization. The main strategies are the weakness and anger and the anger and indignation. On the basis of combing collective behavior and emotional resistance, the research finds the frame of communication to construct the mood, mainly including the communication path. Functional analysis includes three aspects: annotation function, attribution function and ideographic function.
Through the research on the public opinion of micro-blog, it is found that the soil of public sentiment in the public opinion of micro-blog includes the rise of the network society, the change of the mode of mass communication and the elimination of the central discourse power. The main elements of the expression of public sentiment in the public opinion of micro-blog are the formation of the common interest groups, the public issues that have been disseminated and the relative self. From the tendency of public sentiment, micro-blog public opinion shows criticism, populism, nationalism, pragmatism, patriotic justice and so on. The social expression of public sentiment in micro-blog public opinion includes the spiral phenomenon of silence, the butterfly effect, the herd effect, the resentment and so on. From the psychological level, the micro-blog public opinion is in the opinion of the micro-blog public opinion. The public mood is expressed by fear, anxiety, anger, sadness and so on. In the way of expression, the public expresses their feelings through direct expression and folk language.
The expression of public sentiment in the public opinion of micro-blog has a certain influence on the society. From the expression function, the expression of the public sentiment in the public opinion of micro-blog reflects the individual's state of existence, affects the socialization of the people, and has a standard effect on the group. At the same time, the micro-blog emotion also has information function, communication function, public opinion supervision function and the function of increasing social integration. The expression of public sentiment in the public opinion of micro-blog leads to two aspects: the positive influence includes public participation, the construction of the public consciousness, the construction of civic consciousness and the positive social atmosphere. The negative effects of the expression of micro-blog public sentiment are as follows: the low detonating point of micro-blog public opinion, the more false information, and the easy disruption of the public opinion students State of state; the network of irrational speech is easy to cause public opinion violence; netizens are easily dominated by simple thinking and deal with complicated social problems in a simple way; the judicial trial is replaced by the trial of public opinion, and judicial justice is intervened; the network water army has a huge interference and the time of public opinion is short. The public sentiment expression in the public opinion of micro-blog produces a deviation. The reasons include social transformation, the lack of gatekeepers, the fragmentation of micro-blog information, and the one-sided pursuit of attention. The expression of public sentiment in micro-blog public opinion also affects politics, economy, media and the public. It may play a role in policy, power structure, economic development, media agenda setting, public psychology and so on.
The social effect of negative emotion in the public opinion of micro-blog is the foothold of this study. The thesis holds that the social effect of negative emotion in micro-blog public opinion has its path and criterion, which needs to deal with the social effects of negative emotions. In the process of coping, the first time should be followed, the diversity of opinion space is built, the affinity and the effect of the negative emotion should be followed. For the central principles, I will strengthen the construction of service oriented government, establish a three-dimensional communication pattern, and establish monitoring, warning and feedback mechanisms.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G206
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本文编号：2098401