透过虚假怀旧，重访“革命之路”

发布时间：2018-07-15 10:03

【摘要】：理查德·耶茨是美国"焦虑时代"的重要作家。《革命之路》作为他的第一部小说,深刻地反思了保守主义思潮泛滥、精神麻木的50年代美国社会现状。但因其残酷、阴郁的笔触与当时乐观主义盛行的社会格格不入,并未在主流读者中引起巨大反响。直到2008年改编自该小说的同名电影上映并斩获金球奖,才让《革命之路》重回大众视线。21世纪初,经历了全球金融危机、9·11恐怖袭击事件的美国迎来了新的"焦虑时代",《革命之路》恰好适用于变化了的社会和舆论环境。在新一轮的怀旧风潮中,人们试图通过直面这段过去为现在的困境谋求出路,让美国回归其明文表述却一再被忽视的源自1776年的革命精神。本文旨在通过文化研究的方法探索在美国大众文化想象中占据重要地位的五十年代。人们不断对五十年代产生怀旧之情,将其贴上安定、快乐、繁荣的标签。当政治经济生活变得前途难卜,人们试图抓住看似更为条理、简单的过去,五十年代进而变成了一副空白银幕,许多人把种种异想投射其上,但却并不真正了解当时人们的生活感受。实际上,在看似万事如常的郊区风景中,自我封闭的焦虑与压抑充斥着人们的生活。1955年的革命山庄就处在这样一个过渡的历史节点上。《革命之路》中惠勒夫妇经历了美国梦的幻灭和徒劳的自我救赎。爱波和弗兰克试图摆脱父辈和过去的影响,逃离庸常的生活,最终却无可避免地如开场戏剧一般走向毁灭。而他们所寻求的真正的未来存在于他们的一双儿女身上。耶茨把真实残酷的郊区生活展现给大众并宣告1776年的革命精神在"焦虑时代"几乎已走到尽头,打破了人们对五十年代浪漫化的、虚假的怀旧想象。五十年代的经济繁荣孕育了动乱的、充斥着理想主义和激情的六十年代,是其赖以确立自身意义的背景。当人们在谈论五十年代的时候,看似与之"对立"的六十年代也被囊括其中。消费主义、电视新闻在这一时期的发展也深刻地影响着美国生活。当人们站在世纪转折点再次回望那段历史,他们所怀念的正是那富有感染力的理想主义与革命精神。
[Abstract]:Richard Yates is an important American writer in the Age of anxiety. As his first novel, the Road to Revolution deeply reflects on the social situation in the 1950s, when conservatism was rampant and spiritual numbness was felt. But because of its cruelty, gloomy strokes and the prevailing optimism of the society, did not cause a huge response among mainstream readers. It wasn't until 2008, when a film of the same name adapted from the novel was released and won the Golden Globe, that the Road to Revolution was brought back into the public eye at the beginning of the 21st century. After the global financial crisis 9 / 11 terrorist attacks, the United States ushered in a new "era of anxiety", "the road to revolution" just applies to the changed social and public opinion environment. In a new wave of nostalgia, people try to find a way out for the present by confronting the past and returning the United States to the revolutionary spirit of 1776, which was repeatedly ignored. The purpose of this paper is to explore the 1950s, which occupies an important position in American popular cultural imagination through the method of cultural research. People keep nostalgia for the 1950s, labeling it stable, happy and prosperous. When the future of political and economic life became uncertain, people tried to seize on what seemed to be a more coherent, simple past, and the 1950s turned into a blank screen, where many people projected their visions on it. But they didn't really understand how people felt about life at the time. In fact, in the seemingly businesslike suburban landscape, Self-closed anxiety and depression filled people's lives. Revolutionary Hills in 1955 was at such a historical point of transition. The Wheelers experienced the disillusionment of the American dream and the futile self-redemption in the Road to Revolution. Ebor and Frank tried to escape the influence of their parents and the past, to escape the ordinary life, but inevitably to ruin as the opening drama. And the true future they seek lies in their children. Yates showed the true cruel suburban life to the masses and declared that the revolutionary spirit of 1776 had almost come to an end in the "Age of anxiety", breaking the romantic and false nostalgia of the 1950s. The economic boom of the 1950 s gave birth to turmoil, idealism and passion in the 1960 s, the background on which its meaning was established. When people talk about the fifties, the sixties, which seem to be in opposition, are also included. Consumerism, television news in this period of development also profoundly affected American life. When people look back at the turning point of the century, they miss the infectious idealism and revolutionary spirit.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074

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