改革开放以来大学生政治认同的变迁及经验启示

发布时间：2018-10-08 14:04

【摘要】：政治认同是社会政治生活中一个非常重要的现象。大学生政治认同的状况既能够反映大学生的政治心理,又是高校思想政治教育成效的直接体现。大学生积极的政治认同有助于执政党在青年中发挥影响力,增强党的合法性基础,又有助于高校思想政治教育培养目标的实现。通过了解大学生政治认同在不同时期的表现情况,可提高高校思想政治教育者对大学生政治心理的把握,防止大学生由于政治敏感点被激发而引起的大规模社会事件对社会稳定的冲击。大学生政治认同以不同历史阶段的背景为影响因素呈现出不同的主题演变。在改革开放初期,大学生政治认同呈现出两个阶段的特征。20世纪70年代末到80年代中期,受当时拨乱反正的政治形势影响,大学生政治认同呈现出批判反思和政治热情回升的趋势,但到了20世纪80年代中后期至90年代初期,大学生就表现出对马克思主义、对党和政府的不信任,甚至出现了信仰危机,这与当时西方自由化思潮的影响紧密相关。90年代初期之后,社会主义市场经济体制的确立使得全社会的眼光集聚到经济领域,大学生的政治认同随着我国经济形势的变化呈现出理智、务实的一面,以经济发展为主导的绩效认同显著。进入21世纪,我国的政治、经济、社会形势都发生了很大改变,这一时期大学生政治认同主要表现为以民生本位和社会公正为主导的公民权利认同成为共识。通过大学生政治认同在不同历史阶段的不同表现可以看出,社会经济发展是影响大学生政治认同的根本原因,社会政治形势是直接原因,党和政府高度重视和正确引导是重要保障,社会文化思潮是重要原因,因此,国家要继续推动社会经济发展,高校要不断完善思想政治教育的方式和内容,坚持把正确的政治方向放在高校教育的第一位。
[Abstract]:Political identity is a very important phenomenon in social and political life. The political identity of college students can not only reflect the political psychology of college students, but also directly reflect the effect of ideological and political education in colleges and universities. The positive political identity of college students is helpful for the ruling party to exert its influence among the youth, to strengthen the legitimacy foundation of the party, and to realize the goal of ideological and political education in colleges and universities. Through understanding the performance of college students' political identity in different periods, the ideological and political educators in colleges and universities can improve their understanding of the political psychology of college students. To prevent college students from impact on social stability caused by large-scale social events caused by political sensitive points. The political identity of college students takes the background of different historical stage as the influence factor to present different theme evolution. In the early stage of reform and opening up, the political identity of college students showed two stages. From the late 1970s to the mid-1980s, they were affected by the political situation of setting things right at that time. College students' political identity shows a trend of critical reflection and a rise in political enthusiasm. However, by the middle and late 1980s to the early 1990s, college students showed distrust of Marxism, the Party and the government. There was even a crisis of belief, which was closely related to the influence of the trend of thought of liberalization in the West at that time. After the early 1990s, the establishment of the socialist market economic system made the whole society's eyes concentrate on the economic field. The political identity of college students presents rational and pragmatic side with the change of our country's economic situation, and the performance identity which is dominated by economic development is obvious. In the 21st century, great changes have taken place in the political, economic and social situation of our country. In this period, the political identity of college students is mainly manifested in the consensus of civil rights identity, which is dominated by people's livelihood and social justice. Through the different manifestations of college students' political identity at different historical stages, we can see that the social and economic development is the fundamental reason that affects the college students' political identity, and the social and political situation is the direct reason. The Party and the government attach great importance to and guide correctly is an important guarantee, the social and cultural trend of thought is an important reason, therefore, the state should continue to promote social and economic development, colleges and universities should constantly improve the way and content of ideological and political education. Insist on putting the correct political direction first in higher education.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G641

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