论陶渊明诗文中的生命意识及其成因
发布时间：2018-10-12 09:02
【摘要】：晋宋易代之际，是中国历史上最黑暗、最动荡的时代之一，皇权的频繁更替，致使战乱频繁，无论政治、经济、文化都遭遇了重置，死亡的气息笼罩在士人的心头，对生命的高度关注成为这一时期的社会主要思潮。陶渊明作为东晋诗坛的一颗耀眼的明星，同时作为中国文学史上的重要人物，以其卓越的诗文成就和高尚的人格修养，为历代士人所敬仰。作为时代孕育出来的杰出诗人，陶渊明亦没有脱离时代的思潮，在他的诗文中充斥着大量的关于生命的思考，与汉末魏晋以来的“人的觉醒”后形成的对自身关注一脉相承，并对其进行了发展与升华。 文章共分为三部分，第一部分回顾了汉末“人的觉醒”以来，各个时期具有代表性的生命意识，即汉末以《古诗十九首》为代表的及时行乐的“人同有是情”。建安时期，连年的战乱为士人提供了建功立业的机会，激发了他们积极进取的强烈意愿。正始时期，由于司马氏在政治上大肆诛杀异己，在这种黑暗的政治背景下，士人建功立业的希冀破灭，代之以浓重的忧生之嗟。第二部分主要分析了陶渊明诗文中呈现出来的生命意识，具体为：渴求立功以实现人生不朽的传统儒家济世思想；追随自己的本性，退居田园之中，安享生命的乐趣；遵从大化，应尽须尽的委运乘化观。第三部分，主要分析陶渊明生命意识形成的原因，即儒家文化与家族氛围之影响，现实政治环境及其宦游经历，，老庄玄学思想的影响及其本性。
[Abstract]:At the time of the Jin and Song dynasties, it was one of the darkest and most turbulent times in the history of China. The frequent turnover of imperial power resulted in frequent wars, political, economic and cultural resets, and the smell of death enveloped the minds of the scholars. High attention to life has become the main trend of social thought in this period. Tao Yuanming, as a dazzling star in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and an important figure in the history of Chinese literature, has been admired by scholars of all dynasties for his outstanding achievements in poetry and his noble personality. As an outstanding poet bred by the times, Tao Yuanming did not break away from the trend of thought of the times, and his poems were filled with a lot of thoughts about life, which were in line with the concern of himself formed after the awakening of people in the late Han Dynasty, the Wei and the Jin dynasties, the end of the Han Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty. And it has been developed and sublimated. The article is divided into three parts. The first part reviews the representative consciousness of life in every period since the end of Han Dynasty. During the Jian'an period, the successive years of war provided the scholars with the opportunity of making contributions and inspiring their strong will to make progress. In the early period, due to Sima's political wantonly killing, in such a dark political background, the scholars' hopes of establishing merit were shattered and replaced by a heavy worry about birth. The second part mainly analyzes the consciousness of life in Tao Yuanming's poems, which includes: the traditional Confucian thought of helping the world, which is eager to perform meritorious service in order to realize the immortality of life, to follow his own nature, to retreat into idyllic garden, and to enjoy the pleasure of life. Comply with Dahua, should do everything necessary to the concept of transport. The third part mainly analyzes the causes of Tao Yuanming's life consciousness, that is, the influence of Confucian culture and family atmosphere, the realistic political environment and its official travel experience, the influence and nature of Laozhuang metaphysics thought.
【学位授予单位】：青海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I207.22
本文编号：2265551
[Abstract]:At the time of the Jin and Song dynasties, it was one of the darkest and most turbulent times in the history of China. The frequent turnover of imperial power resulted in frequent wars, political, economic and cultural resets, and the smell of death enveloped the minds of the scholars. High attention to life has become the main trend of social thought in this period. Tao Yuanming, as a dazzling star in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and an important figure in the history of Chinese literature, has been admired by scholars of all dynasties for his outstanding achievements in poetry and his noble personality. As an outstanding poet bred by the times, Tao Yuanming did not break away from the trend of thought of the times, and his poems were filled with a lot of thoughts about life, which were in line with the concern of himself formed after the awakening of people in the late Han Dynasty, the Wei and the Jin dynasties, the end of the Han Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty. And it has been developed and sublimated. The article is divided into three parts. The first part reviews the representative consciousness of life in every period since the end of Han Dynasty. During the Jian'an period, the successive years of war provided the scholars with the opportunity of making contributions and inspiring their strong will to make progress. In the early period, due to Sima's political wantonly killing, in such a dark political background, the scholars' hopes of establishing merit were shattered and replaced by a heavy worry about birth. The second part mainly analyzes the consciousness of life in Tao Yuanming's poems, which includes: the traditional Confucian thought of helping the world, which is eager to perform meritorious service in order to realize the immortality of life, to follow his own nature, to retreat into idyllic garden, and to enjoy the pleasure of life. Comply with Dahua, should do everything necessary to the concept of transport. The third part mainly analyzes the causes of Tao Yuanming's life consciousness, that is, the influence of Confucian culture and family atmosphere, the realistic political environment and its official travel experience, the influence and nature of Laozhuang metaphysics thought.
【学位授予单位】：青海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I207.22
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