医学人类学视角下医学的起源
发布时间：2019-02-22 17:00
【摘要】：本研究主要借鉴和运用医学人类学的理论研究观点和方法,对中西方医学在不同文化环境下的起源进行分析。用“他者”的眼光审视在不同文化背景影响下,人们对于疾病和健康的不同界定以及做出的相应反应,丰富了人类对于疾病、健康和治疗实践的认知,有利于提升对医学全面系统的认识。本论文一是阐述中西方在神灵主义观念下形成的医疗观念。中西方在早期的神灵主义观念影响下,对神灵鬼怪、巫术巫医的看法大致相同。但是在其发展成为宗教的过程中产生了不同,中国出现了道教、佛教和特有的方士文化,而西方则主要是出现了基督教。中西方不同的宗教思想对于人们的生死观和疾病病因观有着重要的影响。由此,中西方医学在其形成过程中逐渐产生了不同。二是分析中西方在不同自然哲学理论思想影响下形成的医疗观念。由于对世界的认识不同,产生了不完全一致的医学哲学思想。在对万物本原的认知、人与万物关系以及人与灵魂的关系上产生了不同的看法。由此,不同的哲学观念也影响了人们对于疾病病因和相应治疗方法的认知。三是阐明在中西方不同的科学理论技术和古代民俗之中蕴含着丰富的医学观念。在人们日常生活中,数学、物理和化学的理论技术和实践过程与医学在一定程度上相互联系、相互促进;同时在衣、食、住、行习惯和婚育、丧葬习俗中也隐藏着许多医疗卫生的行为。在社会习俗指导下的行为可能会促进人体健康,也可能会使人患上疾病。四是介绍在多方面社会文化背景影响下的近现代中西方医学发展的趋势。在中西方的政治、经济、文化、社会、宗教等不同的背景下,近现代中西方的医学发展趋势不同。结论是在医学起源过程中,中西方医学呈现先同后异的规律。在医疗行为最初产生过程中,中西方大致相同,主要是以鬼神致病观为主导的医疗活动。在文字产生后,医疗体系逐渐形成,人类在不同的宗教、哲学、科学理论和民俗等社会文化因素影响下,形成了不同的医疗观念来指导实践。
[Abstract]:Based on the theories and methods of medical anthropology, this study analyzes the origin of Chinese and Western medicine in different cultural environments. Under the influence of different cultural backgrounds, people's different definitions and corresponding responses to disease and health have enriched human cognition about disease, health and treatment practice. It is helpful to improve the understanding of the comprehensive system of medicine. The first part of this thesis is to expound the medical idea formed by the deity in China and the west. Under the influence of early spiritualism, China and the West have similar views on ghosts and witchcraft. However, in the process of its development into a religion, there are different in China, the emergence of Taoism, Buddhism and the unique culture of Fang Shi, while the West is mainly Christian. Different religious thoughts in China and the West have an important influence on people's view of life and death and disease etiology. As a result, Chinese and Western medicine in its formation process gradually produced a difference. The second is to analyze the medical concepts formed in China and the West under the influence of different natural philosophy. Because of the different understanding of the world, the medical philosophy is not completely consistent. Different views are produced on the cognition of the origin of all things, the relationship between man and all things and the relationship between man and soul. As a result, different philosophies also affect people's understanding of the etiology and treatment of diseases. The third is to clarify that there are rich medical concepts in different scientific theories and techniques and ancient folklore in China and the West. In people's daily life, the theoretical and practical processes of mathematics, physics and chemistry are related to each other and promote each other to a certain extent. At the same time, clothing, food, housing, walking habits and marriage, funeral customs also hide a lot of medical and health behavior. Behaviour guided by social conventions may promote human health or disease. The fourth is to introduce the development trend of modern Chinese and western medicine under the influence of various social and cultural backgrounds. Under different backgrounds of politics, economy, culture, society, religion and so on, the development trend of medicine in modern China and western countries is different. The conclusion is that in the process of medical origin, Chinese and western medicine show the same first and then different law. In the initial process of medical behavior, China and the West are roughly the same, mainly based on the view of ghosts and gods as the leading medical activities. After the text came into being, the medical system gradually formed. Under the influence of different religions, philosophy, scientific theories and folk customs, human beings formed different medical concepts to guide the practice.
【学位授予单位】：遵义医学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R-05
本文编号：2428419
[Abstract]:Based on the theories and methods of medical anthropology, this study analyzes the origin of Chinese and Western medicine in different cultural environments. Under the influence of different cultural backgrounds, people's different definitions and corresponding responses to disease and health have enriched human cognition about disease, health and treatment practice. It is helpful to improve the understanding of the comprehensive system of medicine. The first part of this thesis is to expound the medical idea formed by the deity in China and the west. Under the influence of early spiritualism, China and the West have similar views on ghosts and witchcraft. However, in the process of its development into a religion, there are different in China, the emergence of Taoism, Buddhism and the unique culture of Fang Shi, while the West is mainly Christian. Different religious thoughts in China and the West have an important influence on people's view of life and death and disease etiology. As a result, Chinese and Western medicine in its formation process gradually produced a difference. The second is to analyze the medical concepts formed in China and the West under the influence of different natural philosophy. Because of the different understanding of the world, the medical philosophy is not completely consistent. Different views are produced on the cognition of the origin of all things, the relationship between man and all things and the relationship between man and soul. As a result, different philosophies also affect people's understanding of the etiology and treatment of diseases. The third is to clarify that there are rich medical concepts in different scientific theories and techniques and ancient folklore in China and the West. In people's daily life, the theoretical and practical processes of mathematics, physics and chemistry are related to each other and promote each other to a certain extent. At the same time, clothing, food, housing, walking habits and marriage, funeral customs also hide a lot of medical and health behavior. Behaviour guided by social conventions may promote human health or disease. The fourth is to introduce the development trend of modern Chinese and western medicine under the influence of various social and cultural backgrounds. Under different backgrounds of politics, economy, culture, society, religion and so on, the development trend of medicine in modern China and western countries is different. The conclusion is that in the process of medical origin, Chinese and western medicine show the same first and then different law. In the initial process of medical behavior, China and the West are roughly the same, mainly based on the view of ghosts and gods as the leading medical activities. After the text came into being, the medical system gradually formed. Under the influence of different religions, philosophy, scientific theories and folk customs, human beings formed different medical concepts to guide the practice.
【学位授予单位】：遵义医学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R-05
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