论1930年代茅盾和叶紫的左翼小说关于农民理想的建构
发布时间：2019-05-17 23:23
【摘要】：茅盾和叶紫在1930年代创作的左翼小说细致地表现了农民内心的理想与诉求，小说中的农民理想与时代以及作家自身的建构是紧密相连的，文本中表现出来的农民理想浸染着作家的心理、思维、观念以及态度等各方面复合作用下的成果，从而是复杂的、多层次的，具有独特性。同时两位作家所建构的农民理想有着极度相同的发展脉络，都描写了农民生活理想的破灭、革命理想的燃起以及社会理想的推进。虽然作家建构心中的农民理想的原因与形态并不相同，但茅盾更加理性、掺杂着个人的政治、经济、文化意识下建构的农民理想与叶紫更加感性、渗透着作家个人生命情感体验下建构的农民理想却最终殊途同归。他们对农民理想的建构是左翼小说对农民理想建构的两种情形，研究两位作家对农民理想的建构对于探索左翼小说对农民的书写与塑造的普遍性与倾向性具有一定的意义。基于此，本文选择了对茅盾和叶紫两位作家在其30年代的左翼小说中对农民理想的建构的分析与探讨。 第一章：对农民的生活理想的建构。此部分围绕茅盾和叶紫不同来源的农民形象积累融汇到小说中农民理想的建构，通过对农民生活理想的描述，表现农民生活理想的形态与破灭。茅盾对老一代农民的形象积累是理性的思维过程，对于农民素材的搜集、积累和运用与当时的农村经济特征、作家个人的经济、文化意识相交错，使小说表现的农民的生活理想呈现出丰富的意义内涵；叶紫对老一代农民形象积累充满了感性的同情与阶级认同，作家根据个人真实经历所表现建构的老一辈农民的生活理想，带有作家自我情感主导和阶级偏向，使得农民的生活理想呈现出丰富的情感内涵。 第二章：对农民的革命理想的建构。此部分围绕茅盾和叶紫从不同出发点想象建构了小说中相同的农民革命理想的燃起，，来探讨作家的革命心理、革命理念和革命态度与小说中表现出来的农民的革命理想的关系。茅盾在政治意识与文艺观支配下的创作想象使得小说中农民的革命理想流露着作家政治倾向与思维的有意传达与无意识倾泻，从而使得农民的革命理想呈现出一定的政治意义；叶紫对农民的革命理想的想象完全出于激情下的大脑机械活动，个人复仇情结冲动下理性思维控制力减弱，个人的革命理想凌驾于人物之上，于是小说中农民革命理想的燃起与发展也是激烈促进的。茅盾和叶紫对农民革命理想的想象与建构都是达成作家自身的愿望满足，茅盾通过小说中农民革命理想的想象暗示了作家对于革命问题的解决方法的态度；而叶紫在激情创作下通过想象革命来获得革命愿望满足的快感与希望的寄托。 第三章：对农民的社会理想的建构。此部分围绕茅盾和叶紫在其小说中都对农民的理想进行了不同程度的升华来分析作家对农民社会理想的建构形式以及表现出的意义与效果。茅盾通过推进革命进程来推进农民的对社会政治、经济的设想与追求表现农民具有社会意义的理想；叶紫将“个例性”的对未来社会的期待上升到农民“一般性”的普遍农民的理想而呈现出社会性。而这种的推进的意义与效果却并不理想，造成社会理想的失效。 总之，茅盾和叶紫所建构的农民理想与作家本身密切相关，作家以不同的、个人化的体验和感受来建构作品，展现出了丰富的内容和独特的魅力。而小说中所呈现的农民理想的内容和结果的高度相同也在一定程度上体现了30年代的左翼小说描写农民的一种倾向。
[Abstract]:The left-wing novel, which was created in the 1930s, showed the ideal and the demand of the peasants. The ideal and the times of the peasants in the novel and the construction of the writers themselves are closely connected. The peasants in the text are ideal for the writer's psychology and thinking. The results are complex, multi-level and unique. At the same time, the peasant ideal constructed by the two writers has the same development context, and it describes the disillusionment of the life ideal of the peasants, the kindling of the revolutionary ideal and the promotion of the ideal of the society. Although the reason and form of the ideal of the peasant in the construction of the writer is not the same, the Mao Dun is more rational, and the peasant ideal constructed under the political, economic and cultural consciousness of the individual is more sensitive than that of the leaf, The ideal of the peasants, which is constructed under the experience of the writer's personal life and emotion, is finally in the same way. The construction of the ideal of the peasants is the two situations of the left-wing novel for the ideal construction of the peasants, and the study of the two writers' ideal construction of the peasants is of great significance for exploring the universality and the tendency of the left-wing novel to the peasants' writing and shaping. On the basis of this, this paper chooses the analysis and discussion of the ideal construction of the peasant's ideal in the left-wing novel in the 1930s. The first chapter: the construction of the farmer's living ideal The structure of the peasant's ideal in the novel is accumulated in the image of the farmers from different sources of the Maodun and the leaves, and the ideal of the peasants' life is represented by the description of the ideal of life of the peasants. The result of Mao Dun's accumulation of the image of the old-generation farmers is a rational thought process, and the collection, accumulation and application of the peasant's material and the current rural economic characteristics, the economic and cultural consciousness of the writer's individual are staggered, so that the life ideal of the peasants in the novel is rich in meaning The accumulation of the image of the old-generation farmers is full of perceptual compassion and class identity, and the author's life is the ideal of the old-generation farmers, which are based on the real experience of the individual, with the writer's self-feeling and class bias, so that the living ideal of the peasants is rich in the emotion The second chapter: the revolutionary ideal of the peasants The construction of the revolutionary ideal of the same peasant in the novel is from different starting points of the Maodun and the leaf purple, and the revolutionary ideal of the writer, the revolutionary idea and the revolutionary attitude and the revolutionary ideal of the peasants in the novel are discussed. The relationship of Mao Dun under the control of the political consciousness and the literary and artistic outlook makes the revolutionary ideal of the peasants in the novel exposed to the intentional communication and unconsciousness of the writer's political tendency and thinking, so that the revolutionary ideal of the peasants has a certain power The idea of the revolutionary ideal of leaf-purple to the peasant is completely out of the brain's mechanical activity of passion, the control force of rational thinking is weakened under the impulse of individual revenge complex, and the individual's revolutionary ideal is above the character, so the light and development of the peasant's revolutionary ideal in the novel is also fierce The thought and construction of Mao Dun and leaf purple to the peasant's revolutionary ideal are all the fulfillment of the writer's own desire, and Mao Dun's imagination of the peasant's revolutionary ideal in the novel suggests the writer's solution to the revolution problem. The attitude of the revolution to the satisfaction of the desire of the revolution by the imagination of the revolution. The third chapter: the society of the peasants The ideal construction. This part is about Mao Dun and Ye Zi in his novels, and the ideal of the peasants has been sublimated to analyze the author's construction form and performance of the peasant's social ideal. The significance and effect of Mao Dun's contribution to the social and political and economic development of the peasants by advancing the revolutionary process and the pursuit of the ideal of the peasant's social significance; and the "the sex of a case" 's expectation of the future society to rise to the ideal of the farmers' "general" and the ideal of the farmers The significance and effect of this advance are not ideal and cause the society The ideal failure. In conclusion, the peasant ideal constructed by the Maodun and the leaf purple is closely related to the writer itself, and the author constructs the work with different and personalized experiences and feelings, and shows the rich interior The characters and results of the peasant ideal presented in the novel are the same as those of the left-wing novels in the 1930 's.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I207.42
本文编号：2479487
[Abstract]:The left-wing novel, which was created in the 1930s, showed the ideal and the demand of the peasants. The ideal and the times of the peasants in the novel and the construction of the writers themselves are closely connected. The peasants in the text are ideal for the writer's psychology and thinking. The results are complex, multi-level and unique. At the same time, the peasant ideal constructed by the two writers has the same development context, and it describes the disillusionment of the life ideal of the peasants, the kindling of the revolutionary ideal and the promotion of the ideal of the society. Although the reason and form of the ideal of the peasant in the construction of the writer is not the same, the Mao Dun is more rational, and the peasant ideal constructed under the political, economic and cultural consciousness of the individual is more sensitive than that of the leaf, The ideal of the peasants, which is constructed under the experience of the writer's personal life and emotion, is finally in the same way. The construction of the ideal of the peasants is the two situations of the left-wing novel for the ideal construction of the peasants, and the study of the two writers' ideal construction of the peasants is of great significance for exploring the universality and the tendency of the left-wing novel to the peasants' writing and shaping. On the basis of this, this paper chooses the analysis and discussion of the ideal construction of the peasant's ideal in the left-wing novel in the 1930s. The first chapter: the construction of the farmer's living ideal The structure of the peasant's ideal in the novel is accumulated in the image of the farmers from different sources of the Maodun and the leaves, and the ideal of the peasants' life is represented by the description of the ideal of life of the peasants. The result of Mao Dun's accumulation of the image of the old-generation farmers is a rational thought process, and the collection, accumulation and application of the peasant's material and the current rural economic characteristics, the economic and cultural consciousness of the writer's individual are staggered, so that the life ideal of the peasants in the novel is rich in meaning The accumulation of the image of the old-generation farmers is full of perceptual compassion and class identity, and the author's life is the ideal of the old-generation farmers, which are based on the real experience of the individual, with the writer's self-feeling and class bias, so that the living ideal of the peasants is rich in the emotion The second chapter: the revolutionary ideal of the peasants The construction of the revolutionary ideal of the same peasant in the novel is from different starting points of the Maodun and the leaf purple, and the revolutionary ideal of the writer, the revolutionary idea and the revolutionary attitude and the revolutionary ideal of the peasants in the novel are discussed. The relationship of Mao Dun under the control of the political consciousness and the literary and artistic outlook makes the revolutionary ideal of the peasants in the novel exposed to the intentional communication and unconsciousness of the writer's political tendency and thinking, so that the revolutionary ideal of the peasants has a certain power The idea of the revolutionary ideal of leaf-purple to the peasant is completely out of the brain's mechanical activity of passion, the control force of rational thinking is weakened under the impulse of individual revenge complex, and the individual's revolutionary ideal is above the character, so the light and development of the peasant's revolutionary ideal in the novel is also fierce The thought and construction of Mao Dun and leaf purple to the peasant's revolutionary ideal are all the fulfillment of the writer's own desire, and Mao Dun's imagination of the peasant's revolutionary ideal in the novel suggests the writer's solution to the revolution problem. The attitude of the revolution to the satisfaction of the desire of the revolution by the imagination of the revolution. The third chapter: the society of the peasants The ideal construction. This part is about Mao Dun and Ye Zi in his novels, and the ideal of the peasants has been sublimated to analyze the author's construction form and performance of the peasant's social ideal. The significance and effect of Mao Dun's contribution to the social and political and economic development of the peasants by advancing the revolutionary process and the pursuit of the ideal of the peasant's social significance; and the "the sex of a case" 's expectation of the future society to rise to the ideal of the farmers' "general" and the ideal of the farmers The significance and effect of this advance are not ideal and cause the society The ideal failure. In conclusion, the peasant ideal constructed by the Maodun and the leaf purple is closely related to the writer itself, and the author constructs the work with different and personalized experiences and feelings, and shows the rich interior The characters and results of the peasant ideal presented in the novel are the same as those of the left-wing novels in the 1930 's.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I207.42
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