50型装载机铰接转向特性分析

发布时间：2017-12-26 16:31

本文关键词：50型装载机铰接转向特性分析　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前对于轮式装载机转向系统的研究相对较少,轮式装载机的转向行驶要比直线行驶情况复杂得多,转向时轮胎与地面之间会产生较大的滑动,对装载机的使用寿命和转向性能都产生较大的影响。铰接式装载机作为耗能严重的工程车辆,转向液压系统的能量损耗较大,如何降低能耗提高转向效率已成为轮式装载机研究重点之一。本文以50型装载机为研究对象,对铰接式装载机转向系统的动力学和液压转向特性进行分析,全文主要内容如下:首先,对装载机转向特性的研究背景和意义进行介绍,综述国内外对于转向动力学和转向液压系统的研究现状,介绍轮式装载机铰接式转向系统的机构特性和运动原理,对转向的运动学和动力学模型进行分析,计算转向液压缸压力,为仿真分析奠定理论基础。其次,根据50型装载机的尺寸参数和约束条件,建立装载机整车虚拟样机模型,对空载和满载两种状态下进行转向特性的动力学分析,得到转向过程中各个轮胎的载荷特性,分别讨论转向角、行驶速度和转向快慢对转向特性的影响。再次,通过对转向液压系统中优先阀和转向器原理的分析,建立转向液压系统模型,并与转向机构进行机械-液压联合仿真分析,研究方向盘转速和外载荷大小对行驶转向特性的影响,分析转向液压系统中压力、流量等特性参数,并进行能耗和转向效率的分析,通过与试验结果的对比,验证仿真模型的正确性和合理性。提出两个小排量泵代替定量泵转向的改进方案,通过对改进转向液压系统进行仿真和能耗分析,证明该方案能够有效的提高转向效率,降低能耗。最后,以50型装载机为试验样机,对装载机转向液压系统进行试验研究,介绍试验原理与步骤,对典型工况的转向工作状态进行现场实时测量,得出转向液压系统转向泵、转向液压缸压力的动态特征,对试验结果进行分析,比较试验数据与仿真值的差异。
[Abstract]:The steering system is less on the wheel loader, the wheel loader steering to the situation is more complicated than straight line driving, steering between the tire and the ground will have a larger slide, all have a great influence on the service life of loaders and steering performance. Articulated loader, as a serious energy consuming engineering vehicle, has great energy loss in steering hydraulic system. How to reduce energy consumption and improve steering efficiency has become one of the research focuses of wheeled loaders. The 50 type loader as the research object, the articulated loader steering dynamics and hydraulic system of steering characteristics, the main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the steering wheel loader's research background and significance are introduced, summarizes the domestic and foreign research status for steering and steering hydraulic system dynamic characteristics, agencies and the movement principle of wheel loader steering system, kinematics and dynamics of the model to the analysis, calculation of steering hydraulic pressure, which lays the theoretical foundation for simulation analysis. Secondly, according to the size parameters and constraints of type 50 loader, a virtual prototype model of the vehicle loading machine, full of no-load and under two dynamic steering characteristics analysis, load characteristics to each tire in the process, discuss the steering angle, running speed and steering speed of steering characteristic influence. Again, through the analysis of the hydraulic steering system and steering principle of priority valve, a hydraulic steering system model, and analyze the co simulation of mechanical hydraulic steering mechanism, the steering characteristics of steering wheel speed and the influence of load size, analysis of pressure and flow characteristics of the hydraulic system parameters of steering, and energy consumption and efficiency analysis of steering, through the comparison with the experimental results, verify the correctness and rationality of the simulation model. Two improved schemes of small displacement pump instead of quantitative pump are put forward. Through the simulation and energy consumption analysis of the improved steering hydraulic system, it is proved that the scheme can effectively improve the steering efficiency and reduce energy consumption. Finally, the 50 type loader for the experimental prototype, experimental research on hydraulic steering system of loader, introduces the principle and procedure of testing, on-site real-time measurement of steering working condition of typical working conditions, the dynamic characteristics of the hydraulic steering system steering pump, hydraulic pressure, analysis of test results, differences between data and simulation comparative test value.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH243

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