高速气缸位移—压力式缓冲结构研究

发布时间：2018-01-08 12:38

本文关键词：高速气缸位移—压力式缓冲结构研究　出处：《大连海事大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：气缸是工业自动化中常用的执行机构。为了提高生产效率,减小投资成本,气缸高速化成为必然的发展趋势。制约气缸高速化的原因是行程末端缓冲问题。当前气缸常用的缓冲方式有溢流阀式和针阀式,但对外界工况变化适应能力差。因此本课题的目标是设计一种高速气缸缓冲结构,对外界工况的变化具有较广范围的适应能力。本文研究了高速气缸等减速缓冲,阐述了基于压力反馈的等减速缓冲原理,通过实验,得到了实现等减速缓冲所需要的缓冲腔压力与各个缓冲特性参数之间的关系。根据等减速的缓冲特性,建立了该缓冲方式的数学模型,并借鉴液压缸理想缓冲运动曲线,对此运动学方程改进,得到了缓冲腔压力,进而得到了排气流量表达式,通过排气流量可以得到表征两缓冲方式的重要参数——节流面积的求解流程。借助MATLAB开发平台编写仿真软件,MATLAB平台的GUI与SIMULINK之间具有较好交互性。利用此软件可得到等减速和理想缓冲方式的缓冲阀节流面积随位移变化的规律。依据理想缓冲方式的缓冲阀节流面积随位移变化曲线,同时考虑压力反馈式缓冲原理,设计并加工了位移-压力式缓冲结构,利用仿真软件对在活塞速度、负载及供气压力等工况变化下的适应性进行了仿真,并通过实验验证了该结构在一定工况变化范围内具有较好的适应能力。
[Abstract]:Cylinders are commonly used in industrial automation. In order to improve production efficiency and reduce investment costs. Cylinder high-speed becomes an inevitable development trend. The reason of restricting cylinder high-speed is the end of stroke buffer problem. At present, there are relief valve type and needle valve type commonly used in cylinder buffering. But the ability to adapt to the change of external working conditions is poor, so the goal of this project is to design a high-speed cylinder buffer structure. This paper studies the equal-deceleration buffer of high-speed cylinder, and expounds the principle of equal-deceleration buffer based on pressure feedback. The relationship between the buffer cavity pressure and the buffering characteristic parameters is obtained. According to the buffer characteristic of equal deceleration, the mathematical model of the buffer mode is established. With reference to the ideal cushioning motion curve of hydraulic cylinder, this kinematics equation is improved, and the pressure of buffer chamber is obtained, and the expression of exhaust flow rate is obtained. The flow of throttling area, an important parameter representing the two buffers, can be obtained by exhaust flow, and the simulation software is compiled with the help of MATLAB development platform. There is good interaction between GUI and SIMULINK in MATLAB platform. By using this software, the change of throttle area of buffer valve with equal deceleration and ideal buffer mode with displacement can be obtained. The throttle area of buffer valve changes with displacement. At the same time, considering the principle of pressure feedback buffer, the displacement-pressure buffer structure is designed and machined, and the adaptability of piston speed, load and air supply pressure is simulated by simulation software. The experimental results show that the structure has better adaptability in a certain range of working conditions.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TH138.51

【参考文献】