脂润滑球面滚子轴承性能及润滑脂寿命预测方法研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 09:12

本文关键词：脂润滑球面滚子轴承性能及润滑脂寿命预测方法研究　出处：《华东理工大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：球面滚子轴承广泛地应用于造纸机械、矿山机械、轧钢机械等低速重载的机械设备中。在不同的工况条件下,球面滚子轴承圆弧滚子与套圈球面滚道之间的接触类型呈现不同的特征,其力学和热学分析较为复杂。球面滚子轴承通常应用润滑脂进行润滑,而脂润滑滚动轴承的性能及润滑脂寿命预测是目前研究及应用的难点问题。本文以双列球面滚子轴承为研究对象,系统研究了其力学性能、滚子-兜孔流体润滑性能、热学性能、润滑脂老化以及润滑脂寿命预测方法。本文的主要的研究内容及成果包括：(1)在对双列球面滚子轴承进行力学分析的基础上,建立了一个能够考虑滚子直径误差情况下对径向受载的球面滚子轴承滚子载荷分布及轴承轴心轨迹进行计算的数学模型。系统地分析了单个滚子存在直径误差与多个滚子存在直径误差对球面滚子轴承滚子载荷历程及轴承轴心轨迹的影响规律；(2)在对径向受载的球面滚子轴承进行拟静力学分析的基础上,建立了球面滚子与保持架直窗式兜孔之间流体动压润滑性能的计算方法。该计算方法通过同时求解滚子-兜孔两侧的二维雷诺方程,可以得到滚子-兜孔流体动压润滑油膜压力分布和油膜厚度分布。结合具体算例,研究了内圈转速、径向载荷、以及轴承的主要几何参数等因素对球面滚子轴承滚子-兜孔流体动压润滑性能的影响规律；(3)基于锂基润滑脂四参数流变学方程,应用局部法建立了脂润滑双列球面滚子轴承发热率的计算模型。该模型全面考虑了滚子-滚道接触发热、保持架-内圈引导面摩擦发热、滚子-兜孔摩擦发热和滚子搅油发热。结合具体算例,系统地分析了内圈转速、径向载荷、工作温度、轴承几何参数等对脂润滑球面滚子轴承发热率的影响；(4)在局部法建立的脂润滑球面滚子轴承发热率计算的数学模型的基础上,应用热网络法建立了脂润滑球面滚子轴承-轴-轴承座系统瞬态温升计算的数学模型。该模型能通过数值求解发热量微分方程,得到滚动轴承-轴-轴承座系统各节点在任意时刻的温度值。轴承温升试验表明：理论计算结果与试验结果十分吻合。结合一具体算例,数值模拟研究分析了内圈转速、径向载荷、环境温度、轴承几何参数、润滑脂填充量以及润滑脂类型等参数对球面滚子轴承温升的影响规律；(5)设计和搭建了一台复合铝基脂润滑的球面滚子轴承试验机,并开展不同工况下润滑脂老化过程的全尺寸轴承试验研究。应用红外光谱分析、扫描电镜分析等方法,分析在老化过程中润滑脂状态的变化；(6)分析了影响脂润滑滚动轴承润滑脂寿命的因素,结合现有的经验公式,归纳得到了基于稳态温度的球面滚子轴承用复合铝基润滑脂的寿命计算公式。建立润滑脂平均剪切强度的概念,通过对试验数据的归纳,构建了基于润滑脂平均剪切强度的球面滚子轴承用复合铝基润滑脂的寿命计算方法。本文的研究内容和取得的成果可为球面滚子轴承的进一步研究、优化设计及润滑脂寿命预测提供理论支撑。
[Abstract]:Spherical roller bearings are widely used in papermaking machinery, mining machinery, mechanical equipment and other low-speed and heavy-duty rolling machinery. In different conditions, spherical roller bearings, spherical roller and arc ring rolling contact types between show different characteristics, the mechanical and thermal analysis of complex spherical roller bearings are usually used lubricating. Grease lubrication, and grease lubrication rolling performance and grease bearing life prediction is a difficult problem at present. In this paper, the research and application of double row spherical roller bearing as the research object, studied the mechanical properties, roller - Pocket fluid lubrication properties, thermal properties, aging and grease grease life prediction method research. The main contents and contributions of this paper include: (1) based on the mechanical analysis of the double row spherical roller bearing, a roller diameter error can be considered Spherical roller bearing bearing axial load distribution and trajectory of the radial loading mathematical model calculation. Systematic analysis of the existing single roller diameter error and multiple roller influence law of diameter error of spherical roller bearing roller bearing load course and orbit; (2) based on the pseudo static analysis spherical roller bearings for radial loading, a spherical roller and cage straight window pocket hydrodynamic lubrication performance calculation method. The calculation method of two dimensional Reynolds equation by simultaneously solving the pocket on both sides of the roller, the roller can be obtained - Pocket hydrodynamic lubricating oil film pressure distribution and oil the film thickness distribution. An example of the inner ring speed, radial load, and bearing the main geometrical parameters of spherical roller bearing roller - Pocket hydrodynamic lubrication Influence of performance; (3) study equation of lithium grease four rheological parameters based on Application of local law established the calculation model of bearing heating rate grease double row spherical roller. The model fully considers the roller raceway contact heat retainer - inner guide surface frictional heating, roller - pocket and frictional heating the roller stir heating of oil. With a specific example, systematic analysis of the inner ring speed, radial load, temperature, bearing geometrical parameters on effect of grease lubricated spherical roller bearing heating rate; (4) based on the local law of spherical roller bearing grease heating rate model on the application of heat network method to establish the grease lubricated spherical roller bearings - shaft - bearing system transient temperature rise calculation mathematical model. The model can heat differential equation by numerical method, get rolling bearings - shaft - bearing system of each node in any Time temperature. The bearing temperature rise test showed that the theoretical calculation results and the experimental results very well. With a calculation example, numerical simulation analysis of the inner ring speed, radial load, ambient temperature, bearing geometry, grease and grease filling effect of type parameters of spherical roller bearing temperature rise; (5) design and build the spherical roller bearing test machine of a composite aluminum base grease, and carry out a test of full size grease lubricated bearings under different working conditions of the aging process. Application of infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, analysis of the changes of grease state during the aging process; (6) factors analysis of the impact of grease lubricated rolling bearing grease life, combined with the existing empirical formula, we have obtained a spherical roller bearing temperature based on composite aluminum base grease life calculation formula is established. The average shear strength of lubricating grease, based on the experimental data of the induction, constructs the calculation method of composite aluminum base grease life with spherical roller bearings, the average shear strength of lubricating grease. Based on the research contents of this paper and the results obtained for spherical roller bearings with further research, optimization design and life prediction of lubricating grease to provide theoretical support.

【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TH133.33

【参考文献】