一种长寿命耐冲刷黑水角阀的研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 04:04

本文关键词：一种长寿命耐冲刷黑水角阀的研究　出处：《苏州大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在煤化工行业的煤气化工段中,对黑水的压力、液位进行精确调节的黑水调节阀,由于介质中含有杂质、温度高、腐蚀性强、调节压差大等特点,普通的调节阀在很短的时间内就会因为冲蚀严重、泄漏量大、调节性能差而失效。即使目前一些阀门生产企业专门针对黑水工况开发的黑水调节阀,在使用3个月左右后,也会因为内件冲蚀严重而无法使用。黑水调节阀的频繁更换,已严重影响了煤化工企业的正常生产。本文认为导致阀门失效的根本原因在阀芯和阀座的节流部位流速过高,本课题对入口公称通径为3"(3inch),出口公称通径为4"(4inch),压力等级为600LB的黑水调节角阀进行建模(模型一),采用CFD流体分析软件对不同开度下的流速和压力进行分析,然后通过对该模型进行优化,使得与模型一相比,新的结构(模型二)在相同开度下流速大幅减小,从而达到了提高阀门耐冲刷性能,延长阀门使用寿命的目的。本课题制造样机,对两种结构(模型一、模型二)进行实际测试,并将测试结果和CFD分析结果进行对比,以验证CFD分析的可靠性。本文主要做了以下4方面的工作:(1)分析了黑水调节角阀的使用工况和主要安装工位,并对黑水介质的性质进行讨论,总结出了黑水调节角阀在使用中存在的问题,以及黑水调节阀的发展现状。(2)论述了数值模拟的基本理论和方法,介绍了常用的CFD模拟分析商业软件,以及CFD软件模拟的流程。本文还介绍了用于研究的模型一和模型二的二维图纸和三维模型,以及从流体力学角度对模型进行简化处理情况。(3)对模型一(常规结构)和模型二(优化后的结构)从小开度、常规开度、大开度、全开四种情况下共十七个算例的速度场和压力场进行对比研究,确定模型二的优点。(4)完成样机的设计、制造,对安装了模型一和模型二内件的阀门进行流量测试,通过实测结果和软件模拟结果的比较,验证了软件模拟的可靠性和准确性。同时,对软件模拟值和实测值之间的差异进行了详细地分析。通过上述工作所研发的模型二的阀芯和阀座结构,同模型一结构相比,大幅地降低了介质通过阀门的流速,同时又确保阀门的流通能力没有减小,有效地提高了阀门的使用寿命,满足了生产需要,降低了维修维护成本。
[Abstract]:In the coal gasification section of coal chemical industry, the black water regulating valve which adjusts the pressure of black water and the level of liquid accurately, because of the impurity in the medium, the high temperature, the strong corrosiveness, the big adjustment pressure difference and so on. In a very short period of time, ordinary regulating valves will fail because of serious erosion, large leakage and poor regulating performance. Even though some valve manufacturers have developed black water regulating valves specially for black water conditions at present. After using for about 3 months, it will also be difficult to use because of the serious erosion of the inner parts. The frequent replacement of Blackwater regulating valve. It has seriously affected the normal production of coal chemical enterprises. This paper considers that the fundamental cause of valve failure is too high flow velocity in the throttling part of the valve core and seat, and the nominal diameter of the inlet is 3 "/ 3inch). The model of Blackwater regulating angle valve with nominal diameter of 4 "and pressure grade of 600LB is established (model 1). CFD fluid analysis software is used to analyze the velocity and pressure under different opening, and then the model is optimized to make it compare with model one. The new structure (Model 2) reduces the velocity of flow greatly under the same opening degree, thus achieving the purpose of improving the flushing resistance of the valve and prolonging the service life of the valve. Model 2) the actual test is carried out, and the test results are compared with the results of CFD analysis. In order to verify the reliability of CFD analysis. This paper mainly does the following four aspects of work: 1) analyzes the operation condition and main installation position of Blackwater regulating angle valve, and discusses the properties of black water medium. This paper summarizes the problems existing in the use of black water regulating angle valve, and the development status of black water regulating valve. It discusses the basic theory and method of numerical simulation, and introduces the commercial software of CFD simulation and analysis in common use. And the flow of CFD software simulation. This paper also introduces the two-dimensional drawings and three-dimensional models of model one and model two. And from the point of view of fluid mechanics to simplify the model. 3) to model one (conventional structure) and model two (optimized structure) small opening, conventional opening, large opening. In this paper, the velocity field and pressure field of 17 numerical examples are compared and studied, and the advantages of model 2 are determined. 4) the design and manufacture of the prototype are completed. The flow test of valves with model 1 and model 2 internals is carried out, and the reliability and accuracy of software simulation are verified by comparing the measured results with the results of software simulation. The differences between the simulated and measured values of the software are analyzed in detail. The spool and seat structure of model 2 developed by the above work is compared with that of model one. The velocity of medium passing through the valve is greatly reduced, while the flow capacity of the valve is not reduced, the service life of the valve is effectively increased, the production needs are met, and the maintenance and maintenance costs are reduced.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TH134

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