基于永磁弹簧的单向阀性能研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 19:08

本文关键词：基于永磁弹簧的单向阀性能研究　出处：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：单向阀作为液压系统中的基本元件,广泛应用于液压泵保护、防止油流干扰、保压、锁闭液压缸等,其性能的优劣、工作的可靠性及寿命长短直接影响液压系统的安全性。弹簧是单向阀中的重要部件,机械弹簧常因疲劳、断裂、松弛、塑性变形等失效模式而影响单向阀的正常工作。近年来,随着材料技术的发展,磁性材料得到了广泛应用。磁性弹簧具有结构简单、力传递路线短、无疲劳磨损等优点,将其应用于单向阀取代机械弹簧以提高单向阀的启闭特性,减少压力损失,降低噪音和振动,延长使用寿命。本文介绍了单向阀的分类及研究现状,概述了弹簧的分类及永磁弹簧的研究现状。介绍了磁性材料的分类、磁性材料基本参量、磁物理论及磁力计算理论。利用磁性材料“同性相斥,异性相吸”的原理,分别设计了斥力永磁弹簧单向阀和引力永磁弹簧单向阀,并合理选择了单向阀各部件材料。利用ANSYS中FLUENT模块对永磁弹簧单向阀流场进行了仿真分析,针对出现的小面积旋涡进行了结构改进,结果证明,设计的永磁弹簧单向阀结构合理,避免气穴和气蚀的产生。通过泄漏特性试验验证了所设计的两种永磁弹簧单向阀可靠性。通过试验不同开启压力下机械弹簧单向阀和两种永磁弹簧单向阀的流量大小,验证斥力永磁弹簧单向阀开启压力最小,反应最为灵敏,引力弹簧单向阀开启速度稍慢于斥力永磁弹簧单向阀,机械弹簧单向阀开启速度最慢。通过压力-流量特性试验,验证两种永磁弹簧单向阀比机械弹簧单向阀开启速度快,引力永磁弹簧单向阀压力损失最小,机械弹簧单向阀压力损失最大,进而验证永磁弹簧单向阀更为节能高效,提高了单向阀性能与寿命。
[Abstract]:As a basic component of hydraulic system, one-way valve is widely used in hydraulic pump protection, to prevent oil flow interference, keep pressure, lock hydraulic cylinder, its performance is good and bad. Working reliability and life span directly affect the safety of hydraulic system. Spring is an important part of one-way valve, mechanical spring is often due to fatigue, fracture, relaxation. In recent years, with the development of material technology, magnetic material has been widely used. Magnetic spring has simple structure and short force transfer route. In order to improve the opening and closing characteristics, reduce the pressure loss and reduce the noise and vibration, the unidirectional valve is used to replace the mechanical spring in order to improve the opening and closing characteristics of the one-way valve. This paper introduces the classification and research status of unidirectional valve, summarizes the classification of spring and the research status of permanent magnet spring, and introduces the classification of magnetic material and the basic parameters of magnetic material. Magnetic physics and magnetic force calculation theory. The repulsive permanent magnet spring unidirectional valve and gravitational permanent magnet spring unidirectional valve are designed by using the principle of "the same sex repel and the opposite attraction". The flow field of permanent magnet spring unidirectional valve is simulated and analyzed by FLUENT module in ANSYS, and the structure of small area vortex is improved. The results show that the structure of the permanent magnet spring one-way valve is reasonable. To avoid cavitation and cavitation. The reliability of the two kinds of permanent magnet spring one-way valve is verified by the leakage characteristic test. The flow rate of mechanical spring one-way valve and two permanent magnet spring one-way valve are tested under different open pressure. Size. Verify the repulsive force permanent magnet spring one-way valve opening pressure minimum, the most sensitive response, gravity spring one-way valve opening speed slightly slower than the repulsion force permanent magnet spring one-way valve. The mechanical spring one-way valve opened the slowest speed. Through the pressure-flow characteristic test, it was proved that the two kinds of permanent magnet spring one-way valve opened faster than the mechanical spring one-way valve, and the gravity permanent magnet spring one-way valve had the least pressure loss. The pressure loss of mechanical spring unidirectional valve is the biggest, and it is proved that permanent magnet spring one-way valve is more energy saving and efficient, and improves the performance and life of unidirectional valve.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH137.52

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