桥式气动节能回路的仿真与实验研究

发布时间：2018-01-20 05:34

本文关键词： 气动节能桥式回路优化算法系统仿真时序　出处：《大连海事大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：气动系统作为工厂自动化最重要角色之一,已经广泛应用于工业生产中。但由于气动系统效率低,阻碍了它在更广的领域的应用,气动系统的效率和能量损失从效率角度来看,气动系统要比液压系统和电气系统效率低很多,仅为20%,远不能满足如今资源匮乏时代人们对节能环保的要求,因此,开展气动系统节能研究具有重要的意义和应用研究价值。针对传统回路空气消耗量大这一问题,本文提出一种新型桥式回路,利用压缩空气的膨胀能做功以达到节能的目的。本文的研究工作主要围绕以下几个方面展开:(1)基于压缩空气膨胀能做功的思想,提出一种由四个换向阀组成的桥式控制回路,通过四个阀的开闭时序控制气缸的两腔室进排气时间以达到系统节能的目的,并保证气缸平稳运行。(2)基于非线性动态优化的思想,以空气消耗量为优化目标,气动系统的压力、流量及运动方程为约束,同时基于参数辨识的方法识别系统的Stribeck摩擦力模型,建立系统的优化数学模型。基于简约空间SQP算法,在MATLAB中实现了桥式气动节能回路中四个阀开闭时序的优化计算,得到了四个阀的开闭时序。(3)基于MATLAB开发环境,利用数值迭代插值方法编写了桥式气动节能系统的仿真程序,基于不同工况下系统优化出的阀开闭时序进行了系统的动态特性进行仿真研究,从仿真上验证了桥式回路相比传统回路的节能特性。(4)搭建了桥式气动节能回路试验台,借助传感器采集系统的压力、流量、速度和位移,利用LabVIEW软件设计了系统的采集和控制程序,基于优化算法计算得到的时序对桥式回路的节能性进行了实验验证,开展了在不同工况下,活塞在去程和返程系统的运行状态特性和节能特性的研究。
[Abstract]:As one of the most important roles of plant automation, pneumatic system has been widely used in industrial production. However, the low efficiency of pneumatic system hinders its application in a wide range of fields. Efficiency and Energy loss of Pneumatic system from the point of view of efficiency, the efficiency of Pneumatic system is much lower than that of hydraulic system and Electrical system, which is only 20%. It is far from being able to meet the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection in the era of resource scarcity. Therefore, it is of great significance and application value to carry out the research of pneumatic system energy conservation, aiming at the problem of large air consumption in traditional circuits. In this paper, a new bridge circuit is proposed. Using the expansion energy of compressed air to do work to achieve the purpose of energy saving. The research work in this paper mainly focuses on the following aspects: 1) based on the compressed air expansion energy work. A bridge control loop composed of four directional valves is proposed to control the intake and exhaust time of the two chambers of the cylinder by the opening and closing sequence of the four valves to achieve the purpose of energy saving of the system. Based on the idea of nonlinear dynamic optimization, the air consumption is taken as the optimization objective and the pressure, flow and motion equations of the pneumatic system are constrained. At the same time, the Stribeck friction model of the system is identified based on the parameter identification method, and the optimization mathematical model of the system is established. The SQP algorithm is based on the reduced space. The optimization calculation of the opening and closing timing of four valves in the bridge pneumatic energy-saving loop is realized in MATLAB. The opening and closing timing of the four valves is obtained, which is based on the MATLAB development environment. The simulation program of bridge pneumatic energy saving system is compiled by using numerical iterative interpolation method. The dynamic characteristics of the system are simulated based on the optimized valve opening and closing timing under different operating conditions. Compared with the traditional circuit, the test rig of the bridge pneumatic energy-saving circuit is built, and the pressure, flow, speed and displacement of the sensor acquisition system are obtained. The acquisition and control program of the system is designed by using LabVIEW software. The energy-saving performance of the bridge circuit is verified experimentally based on the timing obtained by the optimization algorithm, and carried out under different working conditions. Research on the operating state and energy saving characteristics of piston in the trip and return systems.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH138

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