数字化真实齿面构造及啮合特性研究

发布时间：2018-01-31 20:23

本文关键词： 准双曲面齿轮建模 NURBS 数字化齿面齿面接触分析　出处：《西安工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：螺旋锥齿轮作为动力传输的关键部件,是形式最为复杂、应用最广泛的机械动力传输元件之一,特别适用于大批量生产的汽车行业,在欧美广泛应用于各类轻重型卡车以及SUV等的车桥齿轮传动中,其设计、加工和啮合传动质量等一直都是机械传动领域研究的热点问题。由于准双曲面齿轮的高度复杂性,使得在设计和制造的某些方面还存在着缺陷和不足,这在某种程度上制约着我国自主设计水平的提高以及工艺的改进。本文针对现有的数字化齿面重构算法不够准确以及精度较低的问题,基于非均匀有理B样条曲面重构的理论,提出了一套准双曲面齿轮数字化齿面构造算法。之后提出了数字化真实齿面啮合分析,在准确反映实际齿面的接触印痕和传动误差的同时,量化的反映实际齿面与理论齿面在啮合性能上的差别;通过本论文的研究,实现了N RBS曲面的高精度重构,完成了基于NURBS的准双曲面齿轮真实齿面的啮合特性研究,为实现航空、汽车行业齿轮制造的数字化、信息化及质量检验的标准化奠定了基础。本论文的主要研究内容可以归纳为以下几个方面:(1)通过比较大轮成形法、展成法加工,小轮刀倾法、变性法加工,研究了准双曲面齿轮的实体建模方法,选取展成法加工大轮,变性法加工小轮,利用齿轮啮合原理推导了大小轮齿面方程,通过齿面方程将轴截面内的网格点与齿面离散点建立了一一对应关系,之后通过MATLAB编程求解了大小轮齿面各45个点的三维坐标值,利用三维软件CATIA实现了准双曲面齿轮副的实体建模。(2)针对现有的数字化齿面重构算法不够准确以及精度较低的问题,为了满足航空航天对齿面高精度的需求,研究完善了一套高精度的数字化齿面重构算法,通过考虑首末端切矢,采用积累弦长参数化法得到节点矢量,进一步求得控制顶点,获得了数字化齿面,再通过绝对误差分析,得出NURBS曲面的最大拟合误差不大于0.1μm,满足了航空航天的使用要求。(3)分析了测量路径对螺旋锥齿轮齿面误差的测量精度和测量效率的影响,规划了大小轮齿面误差的测量路径。并通过齿轮测量中心测得大轮凸面、小轮凹面偏差,获得了实际齿面的三维坐标,再次通过拟合得到了数字化真实齿面,最后通过IGES文件输出,得到了真实齿轮副。(4)深入研究了数字化真实齿面啮合特性,先是完成对理论齿轮副的装配以及真实齿轮副的装配,再通过齿面接触分析获得了理论齿轮副的接触区域、传动误差,并通过UG模拟接触区;再运用NURBS曲面的定义求解了真实齿轮副的接触迹线和传动误差,同时通过UG模拟接触区域,最后运用最小转角法求解真实齿轮副接触区,并比较了三者的相同点和不同点。(5)通过Y9550滚检机对大轮工作面和非工作面进行了滚检实验。结果表明,采用数字化真实齿面接触分析能够代替传统的滚检方法,即以高精度逼近实际齿面的数字化真实齿面可以代替实际齿面进行TCA,为后期实际生产中准双曲面齿轮啮合质量检验的数字化和标准化提供了有效途径。
[Abstract]:Spiral bevel gear is a key part of power transmission, is the most complex form of mechanical power transmission components, one of the most widely used, especially suitable for the mass production of the automotive industry, the design of axle gear transmission is widely used in all kinds of light truck and SUV applications in Europe and America, and the processing and meshing quality has been it is a hot topic in the research field of mechanical transmission. Due to the high complexity of the hypoid gear, which in some aspects of design and manufacture there still exist shortcomings, which restricts the improvement of independent design and enhancing the level of technology of our country to a certain extent. Based on the existing digital tooth surface reconstruction algorithm is not accurate enough and the low precision problem of non uniform rational B spline surface reconstruction based on the theory, put forward a set of digital tooth surfaces of hypoid gears. After the proposed algorithm The analysis of digital tooth surface meshing, accurately reflect the actual tooth surface contact pattern and transmission errors at the same time, the difference reflects the actual tooth surface and the theoretical tooth surface meshing performance in quantitative; through the research of this paper, realized the high precision reconstruction of N RBS surface finish, surface meshing characteristics of hypoid gears real tooth based on NURBS, to realize digital aviation, automobile industry gear manufacturing, laid the foundation for the informationization and the standardization of quality inspection. The main research contents of this thesis can be summarized as follows: (1) through the comparison of the big wheel forming method, generating machining, wheel tilt knife method, modified processing method the study, the modeling method of the hypoid gear, select the generating method to process large wheel, modified pinion, the gear meshing principle is deduced by the size of the tooth surface equation, the equation of the tooth surface will be in the axial section The discrete grid points and tooth surface points established corresponding relation, then through the MATLAB programming to solve the three-dimensional coordinates of the size of the tooth surface of each 45 point value, to achieve a solid modeling of hypoid gears using 3D software CATIA. (2) according to the existing digital tooth surface reconstruction algorithm is not accurate enough and low precision the problem, in order to meet the demand of aerospace tooth surface with high precision, the research perfected a high precision digital tooth surface reconstruction algorithm, by considering the tangent at the end of the first, to get the node vector using the accumulated chord length parameterization method, and further seek control points, obtain the digital tooth surface, through the absolute maximum fitting error analysis the error that the NURBS surface is not greater than 0.1 M, meet the aerospace requirements. (3) to analyze the influence of measurement path on the spiral bevel gear tooth surface error measurement accuracy and efficiency, compliance The size of the tooth surface measuring path error. And through the gear measuring center measured wheel convex, concave wheel deviation, the actual tooth surface coordinates, again the digital tooth surface is obtained by fitting, and finally through the IGES output file, get a real gear. (4) further digitization of real tooth surface meshing characteristics of the study, the first complete theory of gear assembly and assembly real gear tooth contact analysis, then get the contact area, the theory of gear transmission error, and through the UG simulation of contact area; then use the definition to solve NURBS surface contact traces and real transmission error of gear pair. At the same time through the UG simulation of the contact area, finally using the minimum angle method to calculate the real gear contact area, and compared to the three of the same and different points. (5) the rolling inspection machine by Y9550 on the big round face and non working The surface of rolling test. The results show that the digital real tooth contact analysis of rolling test method can replace the traditional, with high accuracy approximation of the actual tooth surface digital tooth surface can replace the actual tooth surface by TCA, provides an effective way for the digitalization and standardization of the hypoid gear meshing quality inspection period in the actual production.

【学位授予单位】：西安工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH132.41

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