各向异性支撑转子的失衡响应与平衡方法研究

发布时间：2018-02-11 17:40

本文关键词： 平衡原理转子动力学各向异性全矢动平衡不平衡响应动平衡方法　出处：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着旋转机械逐渐地向大型化、高速化、精密化、复杂化的方向发展,由于旋转机械的主要部件是转子,且旋转机械的主要故障类型就是不平衡,所以转子动平衡技术的研究和发展显得尤其必要。在实际工程应用中,由于自身结构和长期连续不间断运转的原因,转子系统必然存在各向异性,这会导致转子失衡响应在不同方向的差异性。传统的动平衡方法仅采用单通道信息,不能够完全表示出转子的不平衡响应。然而,全矢动平衡方法是基于影响系数法和全矢谱技术,能获得转子完整、全面的信息,弥补了传统方法的不足。基于同源信息融合的全矢谱技术,用椭圆的长半轴和相位来表示各谐波下强度的大小,既保证了各谐波下的最大强度,又与传统方法兼容。本文研究分析各向异性支撑转子的不平衡响应和动平衡方法,并说明了全矢动平衡在动平衡应用技术中的优越性。研究各向异性支撑转子下的失衡响应规律,首先选取合适的转子模型进行模拟仿真,然后对各向刚度异性、各向阻尼异性、交叉刚度阻尼(即x、y方向的差异)和x、y方向的幅值(即幅值比)之间的变化关系进行数值模拟,分析研究了幅值比的变化规律,从而得出结论:各向刚度或各向阻尼同性时,x、y方向的幅值是一致的;若不同时,随着两方向差异性的增大,x、y方向的幅值比趋于稳定,但两方向的幅值是不一致的。为下一步虚拟动平衡方法做了基础。运用虚拟平衡方法,选择合适的转子系统模型,以各向异性下的失衡响应规律为基础,然后用单x传感器、单y传感器、全矢动平衡方法分别对各向异性下失衡响应一致和不一致的转子系统进行单、双面动平衡。比较分析传统动平衡和全矢动平衡各自使用的条件和场合。最后通过在本特利实验台上的实验对仿真模拟的结果进行了验证。首先验证了试验中各向异性的存在,然后分别用传统动平衡方法与全矢动平衡方法对其进行平衡,比较两种动平衡方法后校正质量与原始不平衡质量的误差值,得出全矢动平衡的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the development of large scale, high speed, precision and complication of rotating machinery, the main component of rotating machinery is rotor, and the main fault type of rotating machinery is unbalance. Therefore, the research and development of rotor dynamic balancing technology is particularly necessary. In practical engineering applications, the rotor system must have anisotropy due to its own structure and continuous and uninterrupted operation for a long time. This will lead to the difference of rotor imbalance response in different directions. The traditional dynamic balancing method only uses single channel information, and can not completely represent the rotor unbalance response. However, The full vector balancing method is based on the influence coefficient method and the whole vector spectrum technique, which can obtain the complete and comprehensive information of the rotor and make up for the shortcomings of the traditional methods. The long half axis and phase of the ellipse are used to express the intensity of each harmonic wave, which not only guarantees the maximum strength of each harmonic wave, but also is compatible with the traditional method. In this paper, the unbalanced response and the dynamic balance method of the anisotropic supported rotor are studied. The advantages of full vector balancing in the application of dynamic balance are explained. The unbalance response law under anisotropic braced rotor is studied. The appropriate rotor model is first selected for simulation, and then the stiffness and damping in each direction are simulated. The variation relationship between the cross-stiffness damping (i.e. the difference of the XY direction) and the amplitude of the xy direction (i.e. the amplitude ratio) is numerically simulated, and the variation law of the amplitude ratio is analyzed and studied. It is concluded that the amplitudes in the same direction of stiffness or damping are the same, and if not, the amplitude ratio of the direction tends to be stable with the increase of the difference between the two directions. But the amplitudes of the two directions are not the same. This paper makes a foundation for the next virtual dynamic balancing method. By using the virtual balance method, the appropriate rotor system model is selected, based on the unbalance response law under anisotropy, and then the single x sensor is used. The single y sensor and the full vector balancing method are used to single the rotor system with uniform and inconsistent unbalance response under anisotropic conditions, respectively. The conditions and situations of traditional dynamic balance and full vector balance are compared and analyzed. Finally, the simulation results are verified by experiments on Bentley experimental bench. The existence of anisotropy in the experiment is first verified. Then the traditional dynamic balance method and the full vector dynamic balance method are used to balance them, and the difference between the corrected mass and the original unbalanced mass is compared, and the validity of the total vector dynamic balance is obtained by comparing the difference between the corrected mass and the original unbalanced mass of the two dynamic balancing methods.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH113.25

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