飞轮储能用三自由度磁轴承结构参数设计及控制研究

发布时间：2018-02-12 07:52

本文关键词： 飞轮储能系统支承结构数学模型控制策略试验平台　出处：《江苏大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：飞轮储能技术是将风能、太阳能等可再生能量转成飞轮的动能并加以存储的技术,具有储能密度高、充电时间短、使用周期长、无污染等优点,在新能源汽车、微网和UPS供电系统等领域都有广泛应用。飞轮的高速旋转带来的摩擦损耗是限制飞轮储能技术发展因素之一,磁轴承能够实现定转子之间无摩擦,且转速高、控制方便,可以提高飞轮系统的储能效率和使用寿命。本文提出采用无轴承电机与三自由度磁轴承集成的新型结构作为飞轮储能系统的支承结构方案,大大优化的轴向空间,系统结构简单。本文主要围绕飞轮储能系统中磁轴承支承系统的结构方案、数学模型、控制策略及实验设计展开了一系列研究,主要研究内容如下:首先,详细介绍飞轮储能系统的研究背景,分析飞轮储能系统的关键技术及应用前景,全面论述近几年磁轴承支承装置及其控制策略的国内外研究现状,明确本课题的研究目的和意义其次,介绍并分析飞轮储能系统的硬件结构和运行原理,列举几种常用飞轮储能系统支承结构,对其优缺点进行对比分析,研究各类磁轴承使用及内外转子结构之间的差异性,确定本文磁轴承支承飞轮储能系统采用外转子结构,并采用三自由度的磁轴承支承,轴向空间的利用率较高,结构较为紧凑,成本相对较低。对三自由度磁轴承的磁路及结构及其工作原理进行分析。再次,对三自由度磁轴承的磁路用等效磁路法进行推导,得径向-轴向的悬浮力数学模型。并对磁轴承参数进行设计包含磁极面积及控制线圈安匝数设计、永磁材料参数设计等,给出了设计的流程框图。三自由度磁轴承具有非线性特性,本文提出并设计模糊滑模变结构控制策略,对滑模变结构及模糊滑模变结构算法进行设计,再利用MATLAB软件对三自由度磁轴承的起浮和受干扰下进行仿真研究,并与采用传统的滑模变结构控制策略实验结果作详细的对比分析。最后,构建了三自由度磁轴承数字试验平台,介绍了试验平台的软件系统、硬件组成及详细的实验调试方案,为今后各项参数调试奠定基础;完成对三自由度的磁轴承的起浮和受扰动下的试验,并对试验结果作详细分析。
[Abstract]:Flywheel energy storage technology is a technology that converts renewable energy such as wind energy and solar energy into kinetic energy of flywheel and stores it. It has the advantages of high energy storage density, short charging time, long service life, no pollution and so on. The friction loss caused by the high speed rotation of the flywheel is one of the factors limiting the development of the flywheel energy storage technology. The magnetic bearing can realize no friction between the stator and rotor, and the speed is high, the control is convenient, and the friction loss caused by the high-speed rotation of the flywheel is one of the factors limiting the development of the flywheel energy storage technology. The energy storage efficiency and service life of flywheel system can be improved. In this paper, a new type of structure integrated with bearingless motor and three-degree-of-freedom magnetic bearing is proposed as the supporting structure of flywheel energy storage system, which greatly optimizes the axial space. The structure of the system is simple. This paper mainly focuses on the structure scheme, mathematical model, control strategy and experimental design of the magnetic bearing support system in the flywheel energy storage system. The main research contents are as follows: first, The research background of flywheel energy storage system is introduced in detail, the key technology and application prospect of flywheel energy storage system are analyzed, and the research status of magnetic bearing supporting device and its control strategy at home and abroad in recent years is comprehensively discussed. The purpose and significance of this research are clarified. Secondly, the hardware structure and operation principle of flywheel energy storage system are introduced and analyzed, several kinds of common supporting structures of flywheel energy storage system are listed, and their advantages and disadvantages are compared and analyzed. This paper studies the difference between the use of various magnetic bearings and the structure of inner and outer rotors, and determines that the energy storage system of the flywheel supported by magnetic bearings adopts the outer rotor structure, and the magnetic bearings with three degrees of freedom are used to support the axial space with a high utilization ratio. The magnetic circuit, structure and working principle of the three-DOF magnetic bearing are analyzed. Thirdly, the equivalent magnetic circuit method is used to deduce the magnetic circuit of the three-degree-of-freedom magnetic bearing. The mathematical model of radial and axial suspension force is obtained. The design of magnetic bearing parameters includes the design of magnetic pole area and the number of ampere turns of control coil, the design of permanent magnetic material parameters, etc. The flow chart of the design is given. The three-degree-of-freedom magnetic bearing has nonlinear characteristics. In this paper, the fuzzy sliding mode variable structure control strategy is proposed and designed, and the sliding mode variable structure and fuzzy sliding mode variable structure algorithm are designed. Then, the MATLAB software is used to simulate the floatation and disturbance of three-degree-of-freedom magnetic bearings, and the results are compared with the experimental results of the traditional sliding mode variable structure control strategy. The digital test platform of three degrees of freedom magnetic bearing is constructed, and the software system, hardware composition and detailed experimental debugging scheme of the test platform are introduced, which will lay a foundation for the debugging of the parameters in the future. The floating and perturbed tests of the magnetic bearings with three degrees of freedom are completed, and the test results are analyzed in detail.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH133.7;TK02

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