圆管带式输送机传动结构与输送带接触力学特性分析

发布时间：2018-03-13 10:34

本文选题：圆管带式输送机　切入点：传动滚筒　出处：《湖南科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：圆管带式输送机是一种新型环保高效的散料输送设备,广泛应用于冶金、矿业、化工、电力、建材、港口等行业的散料输送系统。其传动结构主要包括传动滚筒与托辊。其中,传动滚筒作为动力传递部件,承受全部驱动载荷及皮带压力载荷。托辊为数量最多的部件,强制输送带圆管状并支撑其运行,从而实现对物料的封闭输送。传动滚筒及托辊与输送带之间的接触情况会影响到传递效率及输送带受力,影响输送带的磨损及使用寿命,从而也会重影响到整机的可靠性。首先,以传动结构部件传动滚筒为对象,基于有限元思想进行滚筒的受力分析,分别建立圆柱型、腰鼓型、内凹型三种不同结构形式传动滚筒静力学与动力学有限元模型,分析三种不同结构形式传动滚筒应力分布及变形情况。分析得出:传动滚筒应力主要分布在筒体中间区域,筒体与辐板连接区域以及辐板上接触点与奔离点所对应区域,传动滚筒中间区域的变形最大;当筒体中间位置出现残余不平衡量时,两端支撑轴承处振动位移和轴承传递力大小随转速成指数函数增大。通过对比三种结构形式传动滚筒力学性能,得出内凹型传动滚筒力学性能较佳。然后,针对圆管带式输送机中数量最多传动结构部件托辊进行受力分析,找出影响不同位置处托辊接触力变化的因素,建立考虑输送带弹性的圆管输送带-托辊组刚柔耦合动力学模型,分析匀速和匀加速两种典型工况下不同位置处托辊接触力变化,与没有考虑输送带弹性的刚体动力学模型分析结果对比。结果表明:位于上部三个托辊所受接触力等于输送带成形力反作用力,主要与输送带弹性系数、面胶厚度及管径有关;下部三个托辊所受接触力等于输送带成形力反作用力与各自承受的输送带重力分量之和,不仅与成形力影响因素有关,还受单位输送带质量及托辊间距影响;考虑输送带弹性,托辊接触力平均值减小80%,波动值增大4倍以上;匀速下,各托辊接触力变化过程中出现“尖峰”现象,达到最小值过程中变化稍缓慢,为周期性变化的高幅值交变载荷;上下两托辊接触力平均值及波动变化值较其他托辊大;匀加速下,托辊接触力随速度增大出现“震荡”现象。最后,自主设计搭建圆管输送带-托辊组动态接触力模拟测试实验台,开展匀速工况下托辊接触力测试与分析,结果表明与刚柔耦合动力学模型仿真分析结果各托辊接触力变化形式一致,验证了刚柔耦合动力学模型分析结果。
[Abstract]:Circular pipe belt conveyor is a new type of environmental protection and efficient bulk conveying equipment, widely used in metallurgical, mining, chemical, electric power, building materials, port and other industries. The drive drum, as a power transmission component, bears all the driving loads and belt pressure loads. The roller is the largest number of components, which force the conveyer belt to be circular in shape and to support its operation. Thus, the closed conveying of materials can be realized. The contact between the transmission drum and the roller and the conveyor belt will affect the transmission efficiency and the force of the conveyor belt, and affect the wear and service life of the conveyor belt. This will also affect the reliability of the whole machine. First of all, taking the transmission drum of the transmission structure as an object, based on the finite element method, the force of the roller is analyzed, and the cylindrical and waist drum types are established, respectively. The finite element model of statics and dynamics of three kinds of internal concave type drive drum is analyzed, and the stress distribution and deformation of three different structural forms are analyzed. It is concluded that the stress distribution of the driving drum is mainly in the middle region of the cylinder body. The deformation of the middle part of the transmission drum is the largest in the connection region between the cylinder and the radial plate and the corresponding region between the contact point and the runaway point on the radial plate, and when the residual unbalance occurs in the middle position of the cylinder, The vibration displacement and bearing transfer force increase with the rotation speed. By comparing the mechanical properties of three kinds of structural driving drum, it is concluded that the mechanical properties of the inner concave drive drum are better. According to the force analysis of the roller with the largest number of driving structure components in the circular pipe belt conveyor, the factors influencing the contact force of the roller at different positions are found out. A rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model of pipe conveyor belt and roller group considering the elasticity of conveyor belt is established, and the change of roller contact force at different positions under uniform speed and uniform acceleration is analyzed. The results show that the contact force of the top three rollers is equal to the reaction force of the belt forming force, which is mainly related to the elastic coefficient of the conveyor belt, the thickness of the surface glue and the diameter of the pipe. The contact force of the lower three rollers is equal to the sum of the reaction force of the belt forming force and the gravity component of the conveyor belt, which is not only related to the influencing factors of the forming force, but also affected by the quality of the unit conveyor belt and the distance between the rollers. The average contact force of the roller decreases by 80 and the fluctuation value increases by more than 4 times. Under the constant velocity, the phenomenon of "peak" appears in the change of the contact force of each roller, and the change is a little slow in the process of reaching the minimum value, which is the high amplitude alternating load of periodic variation. The average and fluctuating values of the contact force of the top and bottom rollers are larger than those of the other rollers. Under uniform acceleration, the contact force of the two rollers oscillates with the increase of the speed. Finally, Design and build the dynamic contact force simulation test bench of the pipe conveyor belt and roller group, and carry out the testing and analysis of the roller contact force under the constant speed working condition. The results show that the results are consistent with the simulation results of rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model and verify the results of rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH222

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