基于多体动力学特性的输送带跑偏研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 04:01

本文选题：带式输送机　切入点：输送带跑偏　出处：《青岛科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：带式输送机是一种重要的物料输送设备,因其具有输送量大、输送距离长、可靠性高、易于实现自动化控制等优点被广泛应用于煤矿、石油、化工、物流等重要生产领域。带式输送机依靠输送带与驱动滚筒间的刚柔耦合接触为整个系统提供动力,通过输送带的大范围移动来实现物料的输送。输送带作为柔性元件在动力学特性上表现为显著的粘弹性,相比其它刚性元件存在较大幅度的变形。输送带在工作过程中粘弹性、大位移和大变形的耦合作用,使其动力学特性变得复杂,不仅使输送带易出现跑偏现象,而且还会对带式输送机各零部件的可靠性产生一定的影响。针对该问题,本文基于多体动力学特性对输送带跑偏进行以下研究:(1)综合考虑输送带材料的性质及其与滚筒的接触方式,从多体动力学角度出发,采用有限刚体单元法建立输送带的离散模型。通过模型中刚体单元和弹簧阻尼单元的坐标变化、能量变化,推导出输送带多体动力学方程。(2)建立带式输送机虚拟样机模型,对其进行离散化处理。在其它参数相同的条件下,分别改变输送带的刚度和阻尼,对比分析不同工况下输送带单元轴向相关受力、速度、加速度以及偏移量的变化规律,研究输送带刚度和阻尼对输送带跑偏的影响,并利用快速傅里叶变换考察输送带偏移量随频率和时间的变化规律。(3)对驱动滚筒和从动滚筒存在平行度公差时的受力进行分析,根据多体动力学特性,建立带式输送机的动力学模型。通过改变两滚筒的平行度公差,分析输送带受力和偏移量的变化规律,研究驱动滚筒和从动滚筒的平行度公差对输送带跑偏的影响。(4)对输送带跑偏工况下的驱动滚筒进行受力分析,确定输送带偏移量与驱动滚筒受力的关系。对比不同工况下,驱动滚筒的应力应变及分布规律,找到驱动滚筒易出现损坏的位置,研究输送带跑偏对驱动滚筒可靠性的影响。(5)在输送带正常运行和跑偏两种工况下,利用灵敏度分析方法分析驱动滚筒设计变量对目标函数的敏感程度,并根据驱动滚筒不同设计变量参数变化时目标函数的变化,研究输送带跑偏对驱动滚筒优化设计的影响。
[Abstract]:Belt conveyor is an important material handling equipment, because of its large capacity, long transmission distance, high reliability, easy to realize automation control is widely used in coal mine, petroleum, chemical, logistics and other important fields. On the conveyer belt and the roller drive coupled between contact to provide power for the whole system belt conveyor, conveyor belt through a wide range of movement to achieve the material. As the conveyor belt is a flexible element in the dynamic characteristics showed significant viscoelasticity, compared with other existing rigid element deformation greatly. The conveyor belt in the working process of viscoelastic, large displacement and large deformation coupling effect, the dynamic characteristics of complicated, not only makes the conveyor belt prone to the phenomenon of deviation, and affect the reliability but also on the belt conveyor parts. Aiming at this problem, this paper based on multi Body dynamics on the following research: (1) belt conveyor belt considering the transport properties of materials and the roller contact way, starting from the angle of multi body dynamics, using the finite element method to establish rigid conveying discrete model with. Through coordinate changes, spring damping elements and model of rigid body unit energy change, transport with the multi-body dynamics equation is derived. (2) to establish the virtual prototype model of belt conveyor, the discrete. In other parameters under the same conditions, respectively, change the belt stiffness and damping, the contrastive analysis of different working conditions of conveyor belt unit axial related force, speed, acceleration and offset the changes of conveyor belt stiffness and damping effect on belt conveyor, conveyor belt and the effects of variation with frequency offset and time by using the fast Fourier transform. (3) of the driving drum There are parallel and the driven roller tolerance when the force is analyzed, based on multi-body dynamics characteristics, establish a dynamic model of the belt conveyor. The parallel tolerance change two roller conveyor belt, analysis of variation of stress and displacement, affect the parallelism tolerance on driving roller and the driven roller of belt conveyor. (4) to analyze the stress condition of the driving drum conveyor belt deviation, to determine the relationship between the band offset and driving force of the roller conveyor. Comparing different conditions, driving drum stress and strain distribution, find the driving drum is prone to damage the position, effect of belt conveyor drive the reliability of the drum. (5) in the normal operation of conveyor belt deviation and two kinds of conditions, using the method of sensitivity analysis of the driving drum design variable sensitivity to the objective function, and according to the different driving drum set The influence of the displacement of the conveyor belt on the optimal design of the driving drum is studied with the change of the target function when the variable parameters are changed.

【学位授予单位】：青岛科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH222

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